A bone growth factor is a growth factor that stimulates the growth of bone tissue.[1][2]
Known bone growth factors include insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and certain members of the growth differentiation factor (GDF) group of proteins.[1][2][3]
The ultimate target of bone growth factors are osteoblasts, osteoclasts and fibroblasts. Human fibroblasts and osteoblasts were shown to be capable of producing bone growth factors after stimulation.[4]
Major hormones influencing bone growth and morphology include growth hormone (GH), androgens such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, and estrogens such as estradiol.[3][5]
^ abMohan S, Baylink DJ (February 1991). "Bone growth factors". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 263 (263): 30–48. doi:10.1097/00003086-199102000-00004. PMID 1993386.
^ abBaylink DJ, Finkelman RD, Mohan S (December 1993). "Growth factors to stimulate bone formation". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 8 (Suppl 2): S565-72. doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650081326. PMID 8122528. S2CID 42984375.
^Hausdorf J, Sievers B, Schmitt-Sody M, Jansson V, Maier M, Mayer-Wagner S (March 2011). "Stimulation of bone growth factor synthesis in human osteoblasts and fibroblasts after extracorporeal shock wave application". Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery. 131 (3): 303–9. doi:10.1007/s00402-010-1166-4. PMID 20730589. S2CID 34915618.
^Murray PG, Clayton PE (May 2013). "Endocrine control of growth". American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics. 163C (2): 76–85. doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31357. PMID 23613426. S2CID 3129856.
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