Endothelial NOS information

NOS3
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1M9J, 1M9K, 1M9M, 1M9Q, 1M9R, 1NIW, 2LL7, 3EAH, 3NOS, 2MG5, 4D1O, 4D1P
Identifiers
Aliases	NOS3, ECNOS, eNOS, nitric oxide synthase 3
External IDs	OMIM: 163729 MGI: 97362 HomoloGene: 504 GeneCards: NOS3
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (human)
End	151,014,588 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	24,589,472 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	spleen; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; left uterine tube; ; left ventricle; ; right lobe of thyroid gland; ; left coronary artery; ; right coronary artery; ; gastric mucosa; ; tibial nerve; ; right lung;
	Top expressed in
	right ventricle; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; white adipose tissue; ; endocardial cushion; ; brown adipose tissue; ; digastric muscle; ; interventricular septum; ; atrium; ; sternocleidomastoid muscle; ; atrioventricular valve;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	FMN binding; actin monomer binding; flavin adenine dinucleotide binding; scaffold protein binding; arginine binding; tetrahydrobiopterin binding; metal ion binding; calmodulin binding; protein binding; heme binding; NADP binding; oxidoreductase activity; cadmium ion binding; nitric-oxide synthase activity; NADPH-hemoprotein reductase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; endocytic vesicle membrane; cytosol; Golgi apparatus; membrane; Golgi membrane; plasma membrane; caveola; cytoskeleton; nucleus; vesicle membrane;
Biological process	negative regulation of muscle hyperplasia; ovulation from ovarian follicle; positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity; nitric oxide biosynthetic process; regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by endothelin; regulation of sodium ion transport; lung development; negative regulation of blood pressure; removal of superoxide radicals; regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; mitochondrion organization; response to heat; in utero embryonic development; negative regulation of hydrolase activity; cell redox homeostasis; arginine catabolic process; response to fluid shear stress; regulation of blood pressure; negative regulation of platelet activation; blood vessel remodeling; negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors; angiogenesis; negative regulation of potassium ion transport; nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; negative regulation of calcium ion transport; smooth muscle hyperplasia; regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal; endothelial cell migration; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; vasodilation; positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; positive regulation of angiogenesis; aortic valve morphogenesis; pulmonary valve morphogenesis; endocardial cushion morphogenesis; positive regulation of gene expression; homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue; ventricular septum morphogenesis; negative regulation of biomineral tissue development; response to hormone; response to lipopolysaccharide; regulation of nervous system process; positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	4846
	18127
	ENSG00000164867
	ENSMUSG00000028978
	P29474
	P70313
	NM_000603; NM_001160109; NM_001160110; NM_001160111
	NM_008713
	NP_000594; NP_001153581; NP_001153582; NP_001153583
	NP_032739
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Endothelial NOS (eNOS), also known as nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) or constitutive NOS (cNOS), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOS3 gene located in the 7q35-7q36 region of chromosome 7.^[5] This enzyme is one of three isoforms that synthesize nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous and lipophilic molecule that participates in several biological processes.^[6]^[7] The other isoforms include neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), which is constitutively expressed in specific neurons of the brain^[8] and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), whose expression is typically induced in inflammatory diseases.^[9] eNOS is primarily responsible for the generation of NO in the vascular endothelium,^[10] a monolayer of flat cells lining the interior surface of blood vessels, at the interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the remainder of the vessel wall.^[11] NO produced by eNOS in the vascular endothelium plays crucial roles in regulating vascular tone, cellular proliferation, leukocyte adhesion, and platelet aggregation.^[12] Therefore, a functional eNOS is essential for a healthy cardiovascular system.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164867 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028978 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Marsden PA, Schappert KT, Chen HS, Flowers M, Sundell CL, Wilcox JN, Lamas S, Michel T (August 1992). "Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase". FEBS Lett. 307 (3): 287–93. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80697-F. PMID 1379542. S2CID 36429463.
^ Cockcroft JR (Dec 2005). "Exploring vascular benefits of endothelium-derived nitric oxide". American Journal of Hypertension. 18 (12 Pt 2): 177S–183S. doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.09.001. PMID 16373196.
^ Villanueva C, Giulivi C (Aug 2010). "Subcellular and cellular locations of nitric oxide synthase isoforms as determinants of health and disease". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 49 (3): 307–16. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.04.004. PMC 2900489. PMID 20388537.
^ Förstermann U, Sessa WC (Apr 2012). "Nitric oxide synthases: regulation and function". European Heart Journal. 33 (7): 829–37, 837a–837d. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr304. PMC 3345541. PMID 21890489.
^ Oliveira-Paula GH, Lacchini R, Tanus-Santos JE (Feb 2014). "Inducible nitric oxide synthase as a possible target in hypertension". Current Drug Targets. 15 (2): 164–74. doi:10.2174/13894501113146660227. PMID 24102471.
^ Fish JE, Marsden PA (Jan 2006). "Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: insight into cell-specific gene regulation in the vascular endothelium". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 63 (2): 144–62. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5421-8. PMID 16416260. S2CID 22111996.
^ Sumpio BE, Riley JT, Dardik A (Dec 2002). "Cells in focus: endothelial cell". The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 34 (12): 1508–12. doi:10.1016/s1357-2725(02)00075-4. PMID 12379270.
^ Förstermann U, Münzel T (Apr 2006). "Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular disease: from marvel to menace". Circulation. 113 (13): 1708–14. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.602532. PMID 16585403.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000164867 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028978 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1379542-5] Marsden PA, Schappert KT, Chen HS, Flowers M, Sundell CL, Wilcox JN, Lamas S, Michel T (August 1992). "Molecular cloning and characterization of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase". FEBS Lett. 307 (3): 287–93. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80697-F. PMID 1379542. S2CID 36429463.

[6] Cockcroft JR (Dec 2005). "Exploring vascular benefits of endothelium-derived nitric oxide". American Journal of Hypertension. 18 (12 Pt 2): 177S–183S. doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.09.001. PMID 16373196.

[7] Villanueva C, Giulivi C (Aug 2010). "Subcellular and cellular locations of nitric oxide synthase isoforms as determinants of health and disease". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 49 (3): 307–16. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.04.004. PMC 2900489. PMID 20388537.

[8] Förstermann U, Sessa WC (Apr 2012). "Nitric oxide synthases: regulation and function". European Heart Journal. 33 (7): 829–37, 837a–837d. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr304. PMC 3345541. PMID 21890489.

[9] Oliveira-Paula GH, Lacchini R, Tanus-Santos JE (Feb 2014). "Inducible nitric oxide synthase as a possible target in hypertension". Current Drug Targets. 15 (2): 164–74. doi:10.2174/13894501113146660227. PMID 24102471.

[10] Fish JE, Marsden PA (Jan 2006). "Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: insight into cell-specific gene regulation in the vascular endothelium". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 63 (2): 144–62. doi:10.1007/s00018-005-5421-8. PMID 16416260. S2CID 22111996.

[11] Sumpio BE, Riley JT, Dardik A (Dec 2002). "Cells in focus: endothelial cell". The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 34 (12): 1508–12. doi:10.1016/s1357-2725(02)00075-4. PMID 12379270.

[12] Förstermann U, Münzel T (Apr 2006). "Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular disease: from marvel to menace". Circulation. 113 (13): 1708–14. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.602532. PMID 16585403.

Endothelial NOS information

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