Small GTPases (EC 3.6.5.2), also known as small G-proteins, are a family of hydrolase enzymes that can bind and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP). They are a type of G-protein found in the cytosol that are homologous to the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins, but unlike the alpha subunit of G proteins, a small GTPase can function independently as a hydrolase enzyme to bind to and hydrolyze a guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to form guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The best-known members are the Ras GTPases and hence they are sometimes called Ras subfamily GTPases.
A typical G-protein is active when bound to GTP and inactive when bound to GDP (i.e. when the GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP). The GDP can be then replaced by free GTP. Therefore, a G-protein can be switched on and off. GTP hydrolysis is accelerated by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), while GTP exchange is catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Activation of a GEF typically activates its cognate G-protein, while activation of a GAP results in inactivation of the cognate G-protein.
Guanosine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDI) maintain small GTPases in the inactive state.
Small GTPases regulate a wide variety of processes in the cell, including growth, cellular differentiation, cell movement and lipid vesicle transport.
SmallGTPases (EC 3.6.5.2), also known as small G-proteins, are a family of hydrolase enzymes that can bind and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP)...
GTPases are a large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP)...
All Ras protein family members belong to a class of protein called smallGTPase, and are involved in transmitting signals within cells (cellular signal...
larger group of enzymes called GTPases. There are two classes of G proteins. The first function as monomeric smallGTPases (small G-proteins), while the second...
family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G proteins, and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily. The members of the Rho GTPase family have...
is a small (~21 kDa) signalling G protein (more specifically a GTPase), and is a member of the Rac subfamily of the family Rho family of GTPases. Members...
184 amino acids. The first 169 amino acids by the N-terminus make up the GTPase domain, and the remaining amino acids are part of a hypervariable region...
proteins such as the syntaxin homolog Vam3, SNAP-25 homolog Vam7, Ras-like GTPase Ypt7, and the NSF ortholog, Sec18. Several complexes are known to flexibly...
superfamily, derived from "Rat sarcoma virus", is a protein superfamily of smallGTPases. Members of the superfamily are divided into families and subfamilies...
known as Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), is a smallGTPase protein in the Rho family of GTPases that in humans is encoded by the RHOA gene. While...
241 to base pair 525,549. HRas is a small G protein in the Ras subfamily of the Ras superfamily of smallGTPases. Once bound to Guanosine triphosphate...
(impaired bile flow) diseases. Downstream of LPA receptor activation, the smallGTPase Rho can be activated, subsequently activating Rho kinase. This can lead...
Party Pretty Cure Ran (star) or Epsilon Eridani, a star Ran (protein), a smallGTPase that is involved in import and export within a cell nucleus as well as...
processes in a variety of organisms from yeast to mammals. Human Cdc42 is a smallGTPase of the Rho family, which regulates signaling pathways that control diverse...
are proteins or protein domains involved in the activation of smallGTPases. SmallGTPases act as molecular switches in intracellular signaling pathways...
SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 (srGAP2), also known as formin-binding protein 2 (FNBP2), is a mammalian protein that in humans is encoded by...
2) is a small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein (to be specific, a GTPase), and is a member of the Rac subfamily of the family Rho family of GTPases. It is...
Haataja L, Kaartinen V, Groffen J, Heisterkamp N (March 2002). "The smallGTPase Rac3 interacts with the integrin-binding protein CIB and promotes integrin...
paralogs of the Ral protein, the other being RalB, and part of the Ras GTPase family. RalA functions as a molecular switch to activate a number of biological...
of Rho GTPase signaling is implicated in the process of carcinogenesis, and highlighted the critical role of several members of the smallGTPase superfamily...
Another possible mechanism of carcinogenesis is RAC1 activation by a smallGTPase-like protein fragment of Mycoplasma. A major feature that differentiates...
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