SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 (srGAP2), also known as formin-binding protein 2 (FNBP2), is a mammalian protein that in humans is encoded by the SRGAP2 gene.[5][6] It is involved in neuronal migration and differentiation[7] and plays a critical role in synaptic development,[8] brain mass and number of cortical neurons.[9] Downregulation of srGAP2 inhibits cell–cell repulsion and enhances cell–cell contact duration.
SRGAP2 dimerizes through its F-BAR domain.[10] SRGAP2C, a shortened version found in early hominins and humans that only has the F-BAR domain, antagonizes its action. It slows maturation of some neurons and increases neuronal spine density.[10]
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000266028 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026425 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Madura T, Yamashita T, Kubo T, Tsuji L, Hosokawa K, Tohyama M (April 2004). "Changes in mRNA of Slit-Robo GTPase-activating protein 2 following facial nerve transection". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 123 (1–2): 76–80. doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.01.002. PMID 15046868.
^Wong K, Ren XR, Huang YZ, Xie Y, Liu G, Saito H, Tang H, Wen L, Brady-Kalnay SM, Mei L, Wu JY, Xiong WC, Rao Y (October 2001). "Signal transduction in neuronal migration: roles of GTPase activating proteins and the small GTPase Cdc42 in the Slit-Robo pathway". Cell. 107 (2): 209–21. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00530-X. PMID 11672528. S2CID 2458943.
^Guerrier S, Coutinho-Budd J, Sassa T, Gresset A, Jordan NV, Chen K, Jin WL, Frost A, Polleux F (September 2009). "The F-BAR domain of srGAP2 induces membrane protrusions required for neuronal migration and morphogenesis". Cell. 138 (5): 990–1004. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.047. PMC 2797480. PMID 19737524.
^Charrier C, Joshi K, Coutinho-Budd J, Kim JE, Lambert N, de Marchena J, Jin WL, Vanderhaeghen P, Ghosh A, Sassa T, Polleux F (May 2012). "Inhibition of SRGAP2 function by its human-specific paralogs induces neoteny during spine maturation". Cell. 149 (4): 923–35. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.034. PMC 3357949. PMID 22559944.
^Tiwary, BK (2016). "Evolution of the SRGAP2 gene is linked to intelligence in mammals". Biomedicine Hub. 1 (1). Karger: 1–12. doi:10.1159/000443947. PMC 6945801. PMID 31988884.
GTPase-activating protein 2 (srGAP2), also known as formin-binding protein 2 (FNBP2), is a mammalian protein that in humans is encoded by the SRGAP2 gene. It is involved...
gene. Cortical development gene Slit-Robo Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 (SRGAP2) has been highly conserved over mammalian evolution, and human is the only...
Australopithecus possessed two of three duplicated genes derived from SRGAP2 roughly 3.4 and 2.4 million years ago (SRGAP2B and SRGAP2C), the second...
associated with speech and language development. The human variant of the gene SRGAP2, SRGAP2C, enables greater dendritic spine density which fosters greater...
although it has been suggested that this was the time in which the human SRGAP2 gene doubled, producing a more rapid wiring of the frontal cortex. During...
early hominids to develop tools. A second hypothesis suggests that the SRGAP2 gene is responsible instead. The inhibition of this gene allows for an increase...
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