Polymerisation of coniferyl alcohol to lignin. The reaction has two alternative routes catalysed by two different oxidative enzymes, peroxidases or oxidases.
An oxidative enzyme is an enzyme that catalyses an oxidation reaction. Two most common types of oxidative enzymes are peroxidases, which use hydrogen peroxide, and oxidases, which use molecular oxygen.[1][2] They increase the rate at which ATP is produced aerobically.
Oxidative enzymes are responsible for the browning of fruits like apples. When the surface of apples are exposed to the oxygen in the air, the oxidative enzymes like polyphenol oxidase and catechol oxidase oxidize the fruit (electrons are lost to the air). Such browning can be prevented by cooking the fruit or lowering the pH (which destroys, inactivates, or denatures the enzyme) or by preventing oxygen from getting to the surface (such as by covering the fruit).
^Eric J. Toone (2006). Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology, Protein Evolution (Volume 75 ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN 0471205036.
^Nicholas C. Price; Lewis Stevens (1999). Fundamentals of Enzymology: The Cell and Molecular Biology of Catalytic Proteins (Third ed.). USA: Oxford University Press. ISBN 019850229X.
An oxidativeenzyme is an enzyme that catalyses an oxidation reaction. Two most common types of oxidativeenzymes are peroxidases, which use hydrogen peroxide...
Oxidative phosphorylation uses these molecules and O2 to produce ATP, which is used throughout the cell whenever energy is needed. During oxidative phosphorylation...
in the pathway. The first is the oxidative phase, in which NADPH is generated, and the second is the non-oxidative synthesis of 5-carbon sugars. For...
decaying wood. The bluish-green glow is attributed to a luciferase, an oxidativeenzyme, which emits light as it reacts with a luciferin. The phenomenon has...
Much of the oxidative deamination occurring in cells involves the amino acid glutamate, which can be oxidatively deaminated by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase...
components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress from oxidative metabolism causes base damage, as well as strand breaks in...
degraded first followed by lignin depolymerization with increased oxidativeenzyme activity and shifts in microbial community composition. In plant cell...
and the acidic lysosome) or oxidative state (e.g., oxidizing periplasm or reducing cytoplasm) which in turn affects enzyme activity. In contrast to partitioning...
enzymes used for mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation: The NADH formed in the third oxidative step cannot be reoxidized in the peroxisome, so reducing...
glutathione, mycothiol, or bacillithiol, and enzyme systems like superoxide dismutase, can prevent damage from oxidative stress. Known dietary antioxidants are...
is a radical-radical coupling, is catalysed by oxidativeenzymes. Both peroxidase and laccase enzymes are present in the plant cell walls, and it is not...
enzymological answer. TPP is the key catalytic cofactor used by enzymes catalyzing non-oxidative and oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids. Pyruvate, for example...
results in increased oxidative stress within the cell as it is a required cofactor in the production of GSH, and this oxidative stress can result in DNA...
enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase has one of the highest turnover numbers of all enzymes;...
individual fiber. Slow oxidative (type I) fibers contract relatively slowly and use aerobic respiration to produce ATP. Fast oxidative (type IIA) fibers have...
packaging and therefore prevent oxidative rancidification. Oxidative stability is a measure of oil or fat resistance to oxidation. Because the process takes...
the general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the organism from oxidative damage. The biochemical...
Dirigent proteins appear to possess no oxidative radical forming activity of their own; in the absence of oxidativeenzyme, no reaction will occur. Recently...
1990 Klavina D, Ievinsh G. Growth of tissue culture and changes in oxidativeenzyme activity of Sorbus and tayberry cultivars during cold storage. Acta...
Nitric oxide synthases (EC 1.14.13.39) (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. NO is an important...
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases...
Luciferase is a generic term for the class of oxidativeenzymes that produce bioluminescence, and is usually distinguished from a photoprotein. The name...
meant "light-bringing" Luciferase, a generic term for the class of oxidativeenzymes used in bioluminescence The Light Bearer, a 1994 novel by Donna Gillespie...
accumulation of oxidative damage. Current studies demonstrate that the accumulation of ROS can decrease an organism's fitness because oxidative damage is a...
axons or loss of nerve function altogether. In peripheral nerves, oxidativeenzyme activity is most concentrated around the nodes of Ranvier, making these...
Respiratory burst (or oxidative burst) is the rapid release of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion (O− 2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O...
Enzyme assays are laboratory methods for measuring enzymatic activity. They are vital for the study of enzyme kinetics and enzyme inhibition. The quantity...
Global Information