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Typical eukaryotic cell
Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidized in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, to drive the bulk production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which contains energy. Cellular respiration may be described as a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients into ATP, and then release waste products.[1]
Cellular respiration is a vital process that occurs in the cells of all living organisms.[2][better source needed] Respiration can be either aerobic, requiring oxygen, or anaerobic; some organisms can switch between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.[3][better source needed]
The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions, which break large molecules into smaller ones, producing large amounts of energy (ATP). Respiration is one of the key ways a cell releases chemical energy to fuel cellular activity. The overall reaction occurs in a series of biochemical steps, some of which are redox reactions. Although cellular respiration is technically a combustion reaction, it is an unusual one because of the slow, controlled release of energy from the series of reactions.
Nutrients that are commonly used by animal and plant cells in respiration include sugar, amino acids and fatty acids, and the most common oxidizing agent is molecular oxygen (O2). The chemical energy stored in ATP (the bond of its third phosphate group to the rest of the molecule can be broken allowing more stable products to form, thereby releasing energy for use by the cell) can then be used to drive processes requiring energy, including biosynthesis, locomotion or transportation of molecules across cell membranes.
^Bailey, Regina. "Cellular Respiration". Archived from the original on 2012-05-05.
^"Cellular respiration and why it is important - Respiration - AQA Synergy - GCSE Combined Science Revision - AQA Synergy - BBC Bitesize". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
^"2.30 Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration".
and 28 Related for: Cellular respiration information
Cellularrespiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidized in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, to drive...
molecule is released. Therefore, anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic. Anaerobic cellularrespiration and fermentation generate ATP in very...
of ATP. One example of cellularrespiration creating cellular waste products are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Each pathway generates...
used by animal and plant cells in respiration. Cellularrespiration involving oxygen is called aerobic respiration, which has four stages: glycolysis...
metabolize the organic compounds through another process called cellularrespiration. Photosynthesis plays a critical role in producing and maintaining...
Look up respiration or respire in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Respiration may refer to: Cellularrespiration, the process in which nutrients are...
tissues, where it is broken down via cellularrespiration, or stored as glycogen. In cellular (aerobic) respiration, glucose and oxygen are metabolized...
order to obtain energy as ATP from a multi-step process known as cellularrespiration, more specifically from oxidative phosphorylation at the mitochondrial...
found. Obligate aerobes need oxygen to grow. In a process known as cellularrespiration, these organisms use oxygen to oxidize substrates (for example sugars...
the form of oxides. All plants, animals, and fungi need oxygen for cellularrespiration, which extracts energy by the reaction of oxygen with molecules derived...
which are produced in the cytosol. This type of cellularrespiration, known as aerobic respiration, is dependent on the presence of oxygen. When oxygen...
breaking down of compounds (for example, of glucose to pyruvate by cellularrespiration); or anabolic – the building up (synthesis) of compounds (such as...
two main processes that contribute to ecosystem respiration are photosynthesis and cellularrespiration. Photosynthesis uses carbon-dioxide and water,...
phosphorylation produces 26 of the 30 equivalents of ATP generated in cellularrespiration by transferring electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 through electron...
exergonic, according to the second law of thermodynamics. An example is cellularrespiration. Symbolically, the release of free energy, G {\displaystyle G} ,...
(in plastids) or cellularrespiration (in mitochondria). One might predict that the loss of photosynthesis or cellularrespiration would allow for the...
cells can perform anaerobic respiration by glycolysis. Additionally, most organisms can perform more efficient aerobic respiration through the citric acid...
Pyruvate decarboxylation or pyruvate oxidation, also known as the link reaction (or oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate), is the conversion of pyruvate...
or gross, the former accounting for losses to processes such as cellularrespiration, the latter not. Primary production is the production of chemical...
facultative anaerobic organism is an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is capable of switching to fermentation if...
to carbon dioxide, the combination of pathways 1 and 2, known as cellularrespiration, produces about 30 equivalents of ATP from each molecule of glucose...
(ATP) by the movement of hydrogen ions (H+) across a membrane during cellularrespiration or photosynthesis. Hydrogen ions, or protons, will diffuse from a...
In chemistry, the oxygen reduction reaction refers to the reduction half reaction whereby O2 is reduced to water or hydrogen peroxide. In fuel cells, the...
through the surface of the cell. During life activities such as cellularrespiration, several chemical reactions take place in the body. These are known...
strenuous activity, they require large amounts of oxygen to conduct cellularrespiration, which generates CO2 (and therefore HCO3− and H+) as byproducts....
organisms and the study of thousands of different cellular processes such as cellularrespiration and the many other metabolic and enzymatic processes...
Through cellularrespiration, these organisms use oxygen to metabolise substances, like sugars or fats, to obtain energy. In this type of respiration, oxygen...
fermentation and undergo cellularrespiration; however, facultative anaerobic organisms will both ferment and undergo respiration in the presence of oxygen...
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