Biochemical process in which fatty acids are derived from acetyl-CoA and NADPH
In biochemistry, fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. Most of the acetyl-CoA which is converted into fatty acids is derived from carbohydrates via the glycolytic pathway. The glycolytic pathway also provides the glycerol with which three fatty acids can combine (by means of ester bonds) to form triglycerides (also known as "triacylglycerols" – to distinguish them from fatty "acids" – or simply as "fat"), the final product of the lipogenic process. When only two fatty acids combine with glycerol and the third alcohol group is phosphorylated with a group such as phosphatidylcholine, a phospholipid is formed. Phospholipids form the bulk of the lipid bilayers that make up cell membranes and surrounds the organelles within the cells (such as the cell nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, etc.). In addition to cytosolic fatty acid synthesis, there is also mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFASII), in which malonyl-CoA is formed from malonic acid with the help of malonyl-CoA synthetase (ACSF3), which then becomes the final product octanoyl-ACP (C8) via further intermediate steps.[1]
^Wehbe, Zeinab; Behringer, Sidney; Alatibi, Khaled; Watkins, David; Rosenblatt, David; Spiekerkoetter, Ute; Tucci, Sara (1 November 2019). "The emerging role of the mitochondrial fatty-acid synthase (mtFASII) in the regulation of energy metabolism". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1864 (11): 1629–1643. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.07.012. ISSN 1388-1981. PMID 31376476. S2CID 199404906.
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biochemistry, a fattyacid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fattyacids have an...
lipid synthesis, inhibiting lipid breakdown, and facilitating glucose transport and conversion into fattyacids. Glucagon: stimulates fattyacid oxidation...
dehydrogenase activation and ATP synthesis. So in addition to lower ATP synthesis due to fattyacid oxidation, ATP synthesis is impaired by poor calcium signaling...
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Yong-Mei; Rock, Charles O. (2005). "The Structural Biology of Type II FattyAcid Biosynthesis". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 74 (1). Annual Reviews:...
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contains a monounsaturated fattyacid (MUFA), a subclass of fattyacid characterized by having a double bond in the fattyacid chain with all of the remaining...
out of the mitochondrion). The cytosolic acetyl-CoA is used for fattyacidsynthesis and the production of cholesterol. Cholesterol can, in turn, be used...
apicoplast hosts important metabolic pathways like fattyacidsynthesis, isoprenoid precursor synthesis and parts of the heme biosynthetic pathway. Apicoplasts...
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