NMR structure of the NLRP7 pyrin domain[1] rendered in UCSF Chimera.[2] Mesh electrostatic potential map using Coulombic coloring is superimposed showing areas of positive residue charge in blue and negative in maroon. Circled is the distinct elongated α2-α3 loop that is characteristic of pyrin domains.(Left) Side view of the Cryo-EM structure of AIM2 PYD filaments[3] showing homotypic PYD-PYD aggregation in inflammasome assembly. (Right) Top down view of same filaments with hydrophobic residues in cyan forming symmetry around the center. Both rendered in UCSF chimera.[2]
A pyrin domain (PYD, also known as PAAD/DAPIN) is a protein domain and a subclass of protein motif known as the death fold, the 4th and most recently discovered member of the death domain superfamily (DDF). It was originally discovered in the pyrin protein, or marenostrin, encoded by MEFV. The mutation of the MEFV gene is the cause of the disease known as Familial Mediterranean Fever.[4] The domain is encoded in 23 human proteins and at least 31 mouse genes.[5]
Proteins containing a pyrin domain are frequently involved in programmed cell death processes including pyroptosis and apoptosis.[6][7] Proteins that possess a pyrin domain interact with the pyrin domains in other proteins to form of multi-protein complexes called inflammasomes and to trigger downstream immune responses.[5]
^Bank, RCSB Protein Data. "RCSB PDB - 2KM6: NMR structure of the NLRP7 Pyrin domain". www.rcsb.org. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
^Bank, RCSB Protein Data. "RCSB PDB - 6MB2: Cryo-EM structure of the PYD filament of AIM2". www.rcsb.org. Retrieved 2021-12-11.
^Schnappauf O, Chae JJ, Kastner DL, Aksentijevich I (2019). "The Pyrin Inflammasome in Health and Disease". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 1745. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01745. PMC 6698799. PMID 31456795.
^ abChu LH, Gangopadhyay A, Dorfleutner A, Stehlik C (February 2015). "An updated view on the structure and function of PYRIN domains". Apoptosis. 20 (2): 157–173. doi:10.1007/s10495-014-1065-1. PMC 4297229. PMID 25451010.
^Bertin J, DiStefano PS (December 2000). "The PYRIN domain: a novel motif found in apoptosis and inflammation proteins". Cell Death and Differentiation. 7 (12): 1273–1274. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400774. PMID 11270363.
^Gumucio DL, Diaz A, Schaner P, Richards N, Babcock C, Schaller M, Cesena T (2002). "Fire and ICE: the role of pyrin domain-containing proteins in inflammation and apoptosis". Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. 20 (4 Suppl 26): S45–S53. PMID 12371636.
A pyrindomain (PYD, also known as PAAD/DAPIN) is a protein domain and a subclass of protein motif known as the death fold, the 4th and most recently discovered...
NLR family pyrindomain containing 3 (NLRP3) (previously known as NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 [NALP3] and cryopyrin), is a protein...
NLRP (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, Leucine rich Repeat and Pyrindomain containing), also abbreviated as NALP, is a type of NOD-like receptor...
types of death domain subfamilies: death effector domain (DED), caspase recruitment domain (CARD), pyrindomain (PYD), and death domain (DD). These subfamily...
and pyrin. Through their caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) or pyrindomain (PYD), the inflammasome receptors interact with the adaptor...
include the death domain (DD), death effector domain (DED), caspase recruitment domain (CARD), and pyrindomain (PYD). Death fold domains are an evolutionarily...
with other domains, such as the caspase recruitment domain (InterPro: IPR001315), the pyrindomain (InterPro: IPR004020), the HEAT repeat domain (InterPro: IPR004155)...
NLR family pyrindomain containing 9 pseudogene 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP9P1 gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center...
oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) pyrindomain (PYD)-containing protein 12 (NLRP12; also known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein...
that provides instructions for making a protein called pyrin (also known as marenostrin). Pyrin is produced in certain white blood cells (neutrophils,...
interaction domains: a N-terminal PYRIN-PAAD-DAPIN domain (PYD) and a C-terminal caspase-recruitment domain (CARD). The PYD and CARD domains are members...
effector domain (DED) subfamily, the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) subfamily and the pyrindomain (PYD) subfamily. These proteins are evolutionarily conserved...
NOD-like receptor family pyrindomain containing 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP11 gene located on the long arm of human chromosome...
recruitment domain (CARD) and are known to be key mediators of programmed cell death. The encoded protein contains a distinct N-terminal pyrin-like motif...
production of IL-1β and IL-18. NLRP3 (contains three domain: pyrindomain, a nucleotide-binding domain and a leucine-rich repeat) type of inflammasome is...
(OLT1177) is an inhibitor of the NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrindomain containing receptor 3) inflammasome. An inflammasome...
Mediterranean fever gene, which encodes a 781–amino acid protein called pyrin. While all ethnic groups are susceptible to FMF, it usually occurs in people...
leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, a central nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NBD) and an N-terminal pyrindomain (PYD). NLRP3, for example...
gene. NALP proteins, such as NALP2, are characterized by an N-terminal pyrindomain (PYD) and are involved in the activation of caspase-1 (CASP1; MIM 147678)...
such as NALP7, have an N-terminal pyrin (MEFV) domain (PYD), followed by a NACHT domain, a NACHT-associated domain (NAD), and a C-terminal leucine-rich...
NLRP6, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrindomain containing 6, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. It is also known...
superfamily (other recognizable domains in this superfamily are: caspase-recruitment domain (CARD), pyrindomain (PYD) and death domain (DD)). The subfamilies...
NLRP10, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrindomain containing 10, is an intracellular protein of mammals that functions in apoptosis and the immune...
pathogens, etc.). These signals cause cytosolic NLRP3 (i.e., NLR family pyrindomain containing 3) to bind PYCARD (i.e., apoptosis-associated speck-like protein...
family pyrindomain containing 13, is an intracellular protein of mammals. It is also known as NALP13, NOD14, PAN13, and CLR19.7, and is one of 14 pyrin domain...
Global Information
