HSP90B1 information

HSP90B1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4NH9
Identifiers
Aliases	HSP90B1, ECGP, GP96, GRP94, HEL-S-125m, HEL35, TRA1, heat shock protein 90kDa beta family member 1, heat shock protein 90 beta family member 1
External IDs	OMIM: 191175; MGI: 98817; HomoloGene: 2476; GeneCards: HSP90B1; OMA:HSP90B1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	103,953,931 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (mouse)
End	86,541,373 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right lobe of thyroid gland; ; left lobe of thyroid gland; ; corpus epididymis; ; pericardium; ; islet of Langerhans; ; anterior pituitary; ; pylorus; ; Achilles tendon; ; caput epididymis; ; endometrium;
	Top expressed in
	medullary collecting duct; ; abdominal wall; ; dermis; ; spermatocyte; ; renal corpuscle; ; supraoptic nucleus; ; seminal vesicula; ; calvaria; ; somite; ; spermatid;
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nucleotide binding; calcium ion binding; unfolded protein binding; low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding; protein binding; RNA binding; protein phosphatase binding; ATP binding;
Cellular component	cytosol; endocytic vesicle lumen; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; membrane; focal adhesion; extracellular matrix; melanosome; plasma membrane; endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex; extracellular region; midbody; endoplasmic reticulum; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; extracellular exosome; nucleus; protein-containing complex; collagen-containing extracellular matrix;
Biological process	response to hypoxia; response to stress; protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum; negative regulation of apoptotic process; receptor-mediated endocytosis; response to endoplasmic reticulum stress; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity; ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response; actin rod assembly; retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol; sequestering of calcium ion; protein folding; ubiquitin-dependent ERAD pathway; protein transport; cellular response to ATP; post-translational protein modification; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	7184
	22027
	ENSG00000166598
	ENSMUSG00000020048
	P14625
	P08113
	NM_003299
	NM_011631
	NP_003290
	NP_035761
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Heat shock protein 90kDa beta member 1 (HSP90B1), known also as endoplasmin, gp96, grp94, or ERp99, is a chaperone protein that in humans is encoded by the HSP90B1 gene.^[5]^[6]

HSP90B1 is an HSP90 paralogue that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum. It plays critical roles in folding proteins in the secretory pathway such as Toll-like receptors and integrins.^[7]^[8] It has been implicated as an essential immune chaperone to regulate both innate and adaptive immunity.^[9] Tumor-derived HSP90B1 (vitespen) has entered clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy.^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]

grp94 has been shown to be a target for treatment of a plethora of diseases such as glaucoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic cancer. grp94 includes 5 distinct amino acids in its primary sequence which creates 2 unique sub-pockets, S1 and S2. These sub-pockets have been utilized in current research in order to inhibit the chaperone since its client proteins seem to be up-regulated in cancer cells.^[14]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166598 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020048 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Maki RG, Old LJ, Srivastava PK (August 1990). "Human homologue of murine tumor rejection antigen gp96: 5'-regulatory and coding regions and relationship to stress-induced proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87 (15): 5658–62. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.5658M. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.15.5658. PMC 54386. PMID 2377606.
^ Chen B, Piel WH, Gui L, Bruford E, Monteiro A (December 2005). "The HSP90 family of genes in the human genome: insights into their divergence and evolution". Genomics. 86 (6): 627–37. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.08.012. PMID 16269234.
^ Randow F, Seed B (October 2001). "Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 is required for innate immunity but not cell viability". Nature Cell Biology. 3 (10): 891–6. doi:10.1038/ncb1001-891. PMID 11584270. S2CID 26559580.
^ Yang Y, Liu B, Dai J, Srivastava PK, Zammit DJ, Lefrançois L, Li Z (February 2007). "Heat shock protein gp96 is a master chaperone for toll-like receptors and is important in the innate function of macrophages". Immunity. 26 (2): 215–26. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2006.12.005. PMC 2847270. PMID 17275357.,
^ Schild H, Rammensee HG (August 2000). "gp96--the immune system's Swiss army knife". Nature Immunology. 1 (2): 100–1. doi:10.1038/77770. PMID 11248798. S2CID 29571184.
^ Wood CG, Mulders P (August 2009). "Vitespen: a preclinical and clinical review". Future Oncology. 5 (6): 763–74. doi:10.2217/fon.09.46. PMID 19663726.
^ Tosti G, di Pietro A, Ferrucci PF, Testori A (November 2009). "HSPPC-96 vaccine in metastatic melanoma patients: from the state of the art to a possible future". Expert Review of Vaccines. 8 (11): 1513–26. doi:10.1586/erv.09.108. PMID 19863242. S2CID 207223461.
^ "NCT00293423". ClinicalTrials.gov, United States National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 2010-04-10. GP96 Heat Shock Protein-Peptide Complex Vaccine in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Glioma
^ Bloch O, Crane CA, Fuks Y, Kaur R, Aghi MK, Berger MS, Butowski NA, Chang SM, Clarke JL, McDermott MW, Prados MD, Sloan AE, Bruce JN, Parsa AT (January 2014). "Heat-shock protein peptide complex-96 vaccination for recurrent glioblastoma: a phase II, single-arm trial". Neuro-Oncology. 16 (2): 274–9. doi:10.1093/neuonc/not203. PMC 3895386. PMID 24335700.
^ Khandelwal A, Crowley VM, Blagg BS (October 2017). "Resorcinol-Based Grp94-Selective Inhibitors". ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 8 (10): 1013–1018. doi:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00193. PMC 5641966. PMID 29057043.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166598 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020048 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid2377606-5] Maki RG, Old LJ, Srivastava PK (August 1990). "Human homologue of murine tumor rejection antigen gp96: 5'-regulatory and coding regions and relationship to stress-induced proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 87 (15): 5658–62. Bibcode:1990PNAS...87.5658M. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.15.5658. PMC 54386. PMID 2377606.

[pmid16269234-6] Chen B, Piel WH, Gui L, Bruford E, Monteiro A (December 2005). "The HSP90 family of genes in the human genome: insights into their divergence and evolution". Genomics. 86 (6): 627–37. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.08.012. PMID 16269234.

[pmid11584270-7] Randow F, Seed B (October 2001). "Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 is required for innate immunity but not cell viability". Nature Cell Biology. 3 (10): 891–6. doi:10.1038/ncb1001-891. PMID 11584270. S2CID 26559580.

[pmid17275357-8] Yang Y, Liu B, Dai J, Srivastava PK, Zammit DJ, Lefrançois L, Li Z (February 2007). "Heat shock protein gp96 is a master chaperone for toll-like receptors and is important in the innate function of macrophages". Immunity. 26 (2): 215–26. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2006.12.005. PMC 2847270. PMID 17275357.,

[pmid11248798-9] Schild H, Rammensee HG (August 2000). "gp96--the immune system's Swiss army knife". Nature Immunology. 1 (2): 100–1. doi:10.1038/77770. PMID 11248798. S2CID 29571184.

[pmid19663726-10] Wood CG, Mulders P (August 2009). "Vitespen: a preclinical and clinical review". Future Oncology. 5 (6): 763–74. doi:10.2217/fon.09.46. PMID 19663726.

[pmid19863242-11] Tosti G, di Pietro A, Ferrucci PF, Testori A (November 2009). "HSPPC-96 vaccine in metastatic melanoma patients: from the state of the art to a possible future". Expert Review of Vaccines. 8 (11): 1513–26. doi:10.1586/erv.09.108. PMID 19863242. S2CID 207223461.

[NCT00293423_ClinicalTrials.gov-12] "NCT00293423". ClinicalTrials.gov, United States National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 2010-04-10. GP96 Heat Shock Protein-Peptide Complex Vaccine in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Glioma

[13] Bloch O, Crane CA, Fuks Y, Kaur R, Aghi MK, Berger MS, Butowski NA, Chang SM, Clarke JL, McDermott MW, Prados MD, Sloan AE, Bruce JN, Parsa AT (January 2014). "Heat-shock protein peptide complex-96 vaccination for recurrent glioblastoma: a phase II, single-arm trial". Neuro-Oncology. 16 (2): 274–9. doi:10.1093/neuonc/not203. PMC 3895386. PMID 24335700.

[14] Khandelwal A, Crowley VM, Blagg BS (October 2017). "Resorcinol-Based Grp94-Selective Inhibitors". ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 8 (10): 1013–1018. doi:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00193. PMC 5641966. PMID 29057043.

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