The chloride process is used to separate titanium from its ores. The goal of the process is to win high purity titanium dioxide from ores such as ilmenite (FeTiO3) and rutile (TiO2). The strategy exploits the volatility of TiCl4, which is readily purified and converted to the dioxide. Millions of tons of TiO2 are produced annually by this process, mainly for use as white pigments. The chloride process has largely displaced the older sulfate process, which relies on hot sulfuric acid to extract iron and other impurities from ores.[1]
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The chlorideprocess is used to separate titanium from its ores. The goal of the process is to win high purity titanium dioxide from ores such as ilmenite...
The compound hydrogen chloride has the chemical formula HCl and as such is a hydrogen halide. At room temperature, it is a colorless gas, which forms white...
Other examples of ionic chlorides are sodium chloride NaCl, calcium chloride CaCl2 and ammonium chloride [NH4]Cl. The chloride is also a neutral chlorine...
Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula CaCl2. It is a white crystalline solid at room temperature, and it is highly...
applications. The Sulfate Process is run as a batch process; the ChlorideProcess is run as a continuous process. In chlorideprocess, the ore is treated with...
condiment and food preservative. Large quantities of sodium chloride are used in many industrial processes, and it is a major source of sodium and chlorine compounds...
The chloralkali process (also chlor-alkali and chlor alkali) is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. It is...
Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Hartog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular...
applications, domestic water softeners (as a substitute for sodium chloride salt), and in food processing, where it may be known as E number additive E508. It occurs...
Hunter process, which ceased to be commercial in the 1990s, the TiCl4 from the chlorideprocess is reduced to the metal by sodium. The Kroll process was...
Benzalkonium chloride (BZK, BKC, BAK, BAC), also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and by the trade name Zephiran, is a type of cationic...
the corresponding aldehydes and ketones via the process known as the Swern oxidation. Oxalyl chloride is mainly used together with a N,N-dimethylformamide...
the insolubility of silver chloride decelerates the reaction. Silver chloride is also a by-product of the Miller process, where silver metal is reacted...
Zinc chloride is the name of inorganic chemical compounds with the formula ZnCl2·nH2O, with n ranging from 0 to 4.5, forming hydrates. Zinc chloride, anhydrous...
Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SOCl2. It is a moderately volatile, colourless liquid with an unpleasant acrid odour...
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4Cl, also written as [NH4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It...
Mannheim process is an industrial process for the production of hydrogen chloride and sodium sulfate from sulfuric acid and sodium chloride. The Mannheim...
Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic...
magnesium chloride in the primordial ocean. Some magnesium chloride is made from evaporation of seawater. In the Dow process, magnesium chloride is regenerated...
sulfate process or the chlorideprocess. Ilmenite can also be improved and purified to titanium dioxide in the form of rutile using the Becher process. Ilmenite...
(L) give pentacoordinated adducts TiCl4L. TiCl4 is produced by the chlorideprocess, which involves the reduction of titanium oxide ores, typically ilmenite...
large scale by the direct process, the reaction of methyl chloride with a silicon-copper alloy. The principal target of this process is dimethyldichlorosilane...
brine (as a source of sodium chloride (NaCl)) and from limestone (as a source of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)). The overall process is: 2 NaCl + CaCO 3 ⟶ Na...
ethylene to acetaldehyde in the presence of palladium(II) chloride and copper(II) chloride as the catalyst. This chemical reaction was one of the first...
as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It...
sodium chloride and limestone by the Solvay process, as well as by carbonating sodium hydroxide which is made using the Chlor-alkali process. Sodium...
sulfate from sodium chloride, followed by reacting the sodium sulfate with coal and calcium carbonate to make sodium carbonate. The process gradually became...
Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl. It is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. This colorless compound...
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