Timolol is a beta blocker medication used either by mouth or as eye drops.[3][5] As eye drops it is used to treat increased pressure inside the eye such as in ocular hypertension and glaucoma.[3] By mouth it is used for high blood pressure, chest pain due to insufficient blood flow to the heart, to prevent further complications after a heart attack, and to prevent migraines.[5]
Common side effects with the drops is irritation of the eye.[3] Common side effects by mouth include tiredness, slow heart beat, itchiness, and shortness of breath.[5] Other side effects include masking the symptoms of low blood sugar in those with diabetes.[3] Use is not recommended in those with asthma, uncompensated heart failure, or COPD.[3] It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the fetus.[6] Timolol is a non-selective beta blocker.[3]
Timolol was patented in 1968, and came into medical use in 1978.[7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] Timolol is available as a generic medication.[3][9] In 2021, it was the 163rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3million prescriptions.[10][11]
^Cite error: The named reference genericnames was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ abcdefghi"Timolol eent". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^Volotinen M, Turpeinen M, Tolonen A, Uusitalo J, Mäenpää J, Pelkonen O (July 2007). "Timolol metabolism in human liver microsomes is mediated principally by CYP2D6". Drug Metabolism and Disposition. 35 (7): 1135–1141. doi:10.1124/dmd.106.012906. PMID 17431033. S2CID 794764.
^ abc"Timolol Maleate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^"Timolol ophthalmic Use During Pregnancy". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
^Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 460. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 28 December 2016.
^World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^"Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
^"The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
^"Timolol - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
Timolol is a beta blocker medication used either by mouth or as eye drops. As eye drops it is used to treat increased pressure inside the eye such as...
et al. (March 2003). "Dorzolamide/timolol combination versus concomitant administration of brimonidine and timolol: six-month comparison of efficacy and...
prescriptions. It is available as a combination with netarsudil and with timolol. In the United States, latanoprost is indicated for the reduction of elevated...
months old showing the greatest improvement. Topical beta blockers such as timolol. They are most helpful for thin superficial hemangiomas. These should not...
least eight hours. It is also available as the combination dorzolamide/timolol. Common side effects include eye discomfort, eye redness, taste changes...
hypertension. It is also the active ingredient of brimonidine/timolol along with timolol maleate. A 2017 Cochrane review found insufficient evidence to...
combination with a beta blocker, typically timolol. Studies have shown bimatoprost to be more effective than timolol in reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP)...
is a combination drug consisting of: Pilocarpine, a parasympathomimetic Timolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist Basic and clinical science course...
These include: Topical beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, such as timolol, levobunolol, and betaxolol, decrease aqueous humor production by the epithelium...
medical therapy for treatment of these lesions. Since that time, topical timolol maleate in addition to oral propranalol has become a common therapy for...
12 mg for this purpose. The combination of prazosin and the beta blocker timolol may produce greater sedative effects than either of them alone. Prazosin...
the efficacy of topical application of the beta-adrenergic antagonist timolol in the treatment of pediatric pyogenic granuloma. Usually, no treatment...
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