An infantile hemangioma (IH), sometimes called a strawberry mark due to appearance, is a type of benign vascular tumor or anomaly that affects babies.[1][2] Other names include capillary hemangioma,[6] "strawberry hemangioma",[7]: 593 strawberry birthmark[8] and strawberry nevus.[6] and formerly known as a cavernous hemangioma. They appear as a red or blue raised lesion on the skin.[3] Typically, they begin during the first four weeks of life,[9] growing until about five months of life,[10] and then shrinking in size and disappearing over the next few years.[1][2] Often skin changes remain after they shrink.[1][5] Complications may include pain, bleeding, ulcer formation, disfigurement, or heart failure.[1] It is the most common tumor of orbit and periorbital areas in childhood. It may occur in the skin, subcutaneous tissues and mucous membranes of oral cavities and lips as well as in extracutaneous locations including the liver and gastrointestinal tract.
The underlying reason for their occurrence is not clear.[1] In about 10% of cases they appear to run in families.[1] A few cases are associated with other abnormalities such as PHACE syndrome.[1] Diagnosis is generally based on the symptoms and appearance.[1] Occasionally medical imaging can assist in the diagnosis.[1]
In most cases no treatment is needed, other than close observation.[5][1] Hemangiomas may grow rapidly, before stopping and slowly fading, with maximum improvement typically occurring by the age of 3.5 years.[11][12] While this birthmark may be alarming in appearance, physicians generally counsel that it be left to disappear on its own, unless it is in the way of vision or blocking the nostrils.[9] Certain cases, however, may result in problems and the use of medication such as propranolol or steroids are recommended.[5][1] Occasionally surgery or laser treatment may be used.[1]
It is one of the most common benign tumors in babies, occurring in about 5-10% of all births.[5][1][13]: 81 They occur more frequently in females, whites,[14][15] prematurely born,[14][15] and low birth weight babies.[5][1] They can occur anywhere on the body, though 83% occur on the head or neck area.[14] The word "hemangioma" comes from the Greek haima (αἷμα) meaning "blood"; angeion (ἀγγεῖον) meaning "vessel"; and -oma (-ωμα) meaning "tumor".[16]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwDarrow DH, Greene AK, Mancini AJ, Nopper AJ (October 2015). "Diagnosis and Management of Infantile Hemangioma". Pediatrics. 136 (4): e1060-104. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-2485. PMID 26416931.
An infantilehemangioma (IH), sometimes called a strawberry mark due to appearance, is a type of benign vascular tumor or anomaly that affects babies....
vessel cell types. The most common form, seen in infants, is an infantilehemangioma, known colloquially as a "strawberry mark", most commonly presenting...
vascular tumors are hemangiomas, most commonly infantilehemangiomas, and less commonly congenital hemangiomas. Infantilehemangiomas are the most common...
are removed, it is generally for cosmetic reasons. Hemangiomas Capillary: Cherry hemangioma, Infantile haemangioma Cavernous Pyogenic granuloma Lymphangiomas...
failure. This condition affecting the liver is also known as infantile hepatic hemangioma (IHH). Other sites of internal organ damage can include the intestines...
appearance. Nearly half of all babies have such a birthmark. An infantilehemangioma, colloquially called a strawberry mark, is a benign self-involuting...
Cavernous hemangioma, also called cavernous angioma, venous malformation, or cavernoma, is a type of venous malformation due to endothelial dysmorphogenesis...
tumor or a birthmark, or a vascular malformation. In a tumor such as infantilehemangioma the mass is soft, and easily compressed, and their coloring is due...
(also known as "Infantile kaposiform hemangioendothelioma") is an uncommon vascular tumor, first described by Niedt, Greco, et al. (Hemangioma with Kaposi's...
medical condition involving the uncommon association between large infantilehemangiomas, usually of the face, and birth defects of the brain, heart, eyes...
tumor or a birthmark, or a vascular malformation. In a tumor such as infantilehemangioma the mass is soft, and easily compressed, and their coloring is due...
angioblastoma of Nakagawa, hypertrophic hemangioma, progressive capillary hemangioma, and tufted hemangioma usually develops in infancy or early childhood...
methotrexate, dupilumab or baricitinib. Other names of the condition include "infantile eczema", "flexural eczema", "prurigo Besnier", "allergic eczema", and...
tumor or a birthmark, or a vascular malformation. In a tumor such as infantilehemangioma the mass is soft, and easily compressed, and their coloring is due...
may be alarmingly large at birth or grow rapidly. Like juvenile hemangiomas, infantile hemangiopericytomas only appear in the subcutis and affect newborns...
VA, Kutzner H, Fürhapter C, Tzankov A, Sepp N (February 2006). "Infantilehemangioma is a proliferation of LYVE-1-negative blood endothelial cells without...
to conclusions. In its gel form it is used on the skin to treat infantilehemangiomas. The medication should not be taken by individuals with: An allergy...
with multiple benign tumors called infantilehemangiomas, but without hemangiomas in other organs. Infantilehemangioma Diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis...
Glut1 has also been demonstrated as a powerful histochemical marker for hemangioma of infancy GLUT1 has been shown to interact with GIPC1. It is found in...
PMID 16344560. Nguyen VA, Kutzner H, Fürhapter C, et al. (2006). "Infantilehemangioma is a proliferation of LYVE-1-negative blood endothelial cells without...
(e.g., spina bifida as evidenced by a dimple, hairy patch, lipoma, or hemangioma). A thorough neurological examination is also performed, the skin for...
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