Structure of human PGLYRP1 protein. Based on PyMOL rendering of PDB 1yck.
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a group of highly conserved pattern recognition receptors with at least one peptidoglycan recognition domain capable of recognizing the peptidoglycan component of the cell wall of bacteria. They are present in insects, mollusks, echinoderms and chordates. The mechanism of action of PGRPs varies between taxa. In insects, PGRPs kill bacteria indirectly by activating one of four unique effector pathways: prophenoloxidase cascade, Toll pathway, IMD pathway, and induction of phagocytosis.[1][2][3][4] In mammals, PGRPs either kill bacteria directly by interacting with their cell wall or outer membrane, or hydrolyze peptidoglycan.[1][2][3][4] They also modulate inflammation and microbiome and interact with host receptors.[1][3]
^ abcRoyet, Julien; Gupta, Dipika; Dziarski, Roman (11 November 2011). "Peptidoglycan recognition proteins: modulators of the microbiome and inflammation". Nature Reviews Immunology. 11 (12): 837–51. doi:10.1038/nri3089. PMID 22076558. S2CID 5266193.
^ abRoyet, Julien; Dziarski, Roman (April 2007). "Peptidoglycan recognition proteins: pleiotropic sensors and effectors of antimicrobial defences". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 5 (4): 264–277. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1620. ISSN 1740-1526. PMID 17363965. S2CID 39569790.
^ abcDziarski, Roman; Royet, Julien; Gupta, Dipika (2016), "Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins and Lysozyme", Encyclopedia of Immunobiology, Elsevier, pp. 389–403, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374279-7.02022-1, ISBN 978-0-08-092152-5, retrieved 2020-10-22
^ abCite error: The named reference D2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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