Global InformationMagnesium transporter information
Magnesium transporters are proteins that transport magnesium across the cell membrane. All forms of life require magnesium, yet the molecular mechanisms of Mg2+ uptake from the environment and the distribution of this vital element within the organism are only slowly being elucidated.
The ATPase function of MgtA is highly cardiolipin dependent and has been shown to detect free magnesium in the μM range [1]
In bacteria, Mg2+ is probably mainly supplied by the CorA protein[2] and, where the CorA protein is absent, by the MgtE protein.[3][4] In yeast the initial uptake is via the Alr1p and Alr2p proteins,[5] but at this stage the only internal Mg2+ distributing protein identified is Mrs2p.[6] Within the protozoa only one Mg2+ transporter (XntAp) has been identified.[7] In metazoa, Mrs2p[8] and MgtE homologues[9] have been identified, along with two novel Mg2+ transport systems TRPM6/TRPM7[10][11] and PCLN-1.[12] Finally, in plants, a family of Mrs2p homologues has been identified[13][14] along with another novel protein, AtMHX.[15]
- ^ Subramani, Saranya; Perdreau-Dahl, Harmonie; Morth, Jens Preben (2016-01-01). "The magnesium transporter A is activated by cardiolipin and is highly sensitive to free magnesium in vitro". eLife. 5. doi:10.7554/eLife.11407. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 4758953. PMID 26780187.
- ^ Hmiel SP, Snavely MD, Miller CG, Maguire ME (Dec 1986). "Magnesium transport in Salmonella typhimurium: characterization of magnesium influx and cloning of a transport gene". Journal of Bacteriology. 168 (3): 1444–50. doi:10.1128/jb.168.3.1444-1450.1986. PMC 213658. PMID 3536881.
- ^ Townsend DE, Esenwine AJ, George J, Bross D, Maguire ME, Smith RL (Sep 1995). "Cloning of the mgtE Mg2+ transporter from Providencia stuartii and the distribution of mgtE in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria". Journal of Bacteriology. 177 (18): 5350–4. doi:10.1128/jb.177.18.5350-5354.1995. PMC 177332. PMID 7665526.
- ^ Smith RL, Thompson LJ, Maguire ME (Mar 1995). "Cloning and characterization of MgtE, a putative new class of Mg2+ transporter from Bacillus firmus OF4". Journal of Bacteriology. 177 (5): 1233–8. doi:10.1128/jb.177.5.1233-1238.1995. PMC 176728. PMID 7868596.
- ^ MacDiarmid CW, Gardner RC (Jan 1998). "Overexpression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae magnesium transport system confers resistance to aluminum ion". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (3): 1727–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.3.1727. PMID 9430719.
- ^ Bui DM, Gregan J, Jarosch E, Ragnini A, Schweyen RJ (Jul 1999). "The bacterial magnesium transporter CorA can functionally substitute for its putative homologue Mrs2p in the yeast inner mitochondrial membrane". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (29): 20438–43. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.29.20438. PMID 10400670.
- ^ Haynes WJ, Kung C, Saimi Y, Preston RR (Nov 2002). "An exchanger-like protein underlies the large Mg2+ current in Paramecium". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (24): 15717–22. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9915717H. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603999. PMC 137782. PMID 12422021.
- ^ Zsurka G, Gregán J, Schweyen RJ (Mar 2001). "The human mitochondrial Mrs2 protein functionally substitutes for its yeast homologue, a candidate magnesium transporter". Genomics. 72 (2): 158–68. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6407. PMID 11401429.
- ^ Wabakken T, Rian E, Kveine M, Aasheim HC (Jul 2003). "The human solute carrier SLC41A1 belongs to a novel eukaryotic subfamily with homology to prokaryotic MgtE Mg2+ transporters". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 306 (3): 718–24. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01030-1. PMID 12810078.
- ^ Nadler MJ, Hermosura MC, Inabe K, Perraud AL, Zhu Q, Stokes AJ, Kurosaki T, Kinet JP, Penner R, Scharenberg AM, Fleig A (May 2001). "LTRPC7 is a Mg.ATP-regulated divalent cation channel required for cell viability". Nature. 411 (6837): 590–5. Bibcode:2001Natur.411..590N. doi:10.1038/35079092. PMID 11385574. S2CID 4426202.
- ^ Walder RY, Landau D, Meyer P, Shalev H, Tsolia M, Borochowitz Z, Boettger MB, Beck GE, Englehardt RK, Carmi R, Sheffield VC (Jun 2002). "Mutation of TRPM6 causes familial hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia". Nature Genetics. 31 (2): 171–4. doi:10.1038/ng901. PMID 12032570. S2CID 33192419.
- ^ Simon DB, Lu Y, Choate KA, Velazquez H, Al-Sabban E, Praga M, Casari G, Bettinelli A, Colussi G, Rodriguez-Soriano J, McCredie D, Milford D, Sanjad S, Lifton RP (Jul 1999). "Paracellin-1, a renal tight junction protein required for paracellular Mg2+ resorption". Science. 285 (5424): 103–6. doi:10.1126/science.285.5424.103. PMID 10390358.
- ^ Schock I, Gregan J, Steinhauser S, Schweyen R, Brennicke A, Knoop V (Nov 2000). "A member of a novel Arabidopsis thaliana gene family of candidate Mg2+ ion transporters complements a yeast mitochondrial group II intron-splicing mutant". The Plant Journal. 24 (4): 489–501. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2000.00895.x. PMID 11115130.
- ^ Li L, Tutone AF, Drummond RS, Gardner RC, Luan S (Dec 2001). "A novel family of magnesium transport genes in Arabidopsis". The Plant Cell. 13 (12): 2761–75. doi:10.1105/tpc.010352. PMC 139487. PMID 11752386.
- ^ Shaul O, Hilgemann DW, de-Almeida-Engler J, Van Montagu M, Inz D, Galili G (Jul 1999). "Cloning and characterization of a novel Mg(2+)/H(+) exchanger". The EMBO Journal. 18 (14): 3973–80. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.14.3973. PMC 1171473. PMID 10406802.