Sex chromosome present in both sexes in the XY and X0 sex-determination systems
Human X chromosome
Human X chromosome (after G-banding)
X chromosome in human male karyogram
Features
Length (bp)
154,259,566 bp (CHM13)
No. of genes
804 (CCDS)
Type
Allosome
Centromere position
Submetacentric[1] (61.0 Mbp)[2]
Complete gene lists
CCDS
Gene list
HGNC
Gene list
UniProt
Gene list
NCBI
Gene list
External map viewers
Ensembl
Chromosome X
Entrez
Chromosome X
NCBI
Chromosome X
UCSC
Chromosome X
Full DNA sequences
RefSeq
NC_000023 (FASTA)
GenBank
CM000685 (FASTA)
The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in many organisms, including mammals, and is found in both males and females. It is a part of the XY sex-determination system and XO sex-determination system. The X chromosome was named for its unique properties by early researchers, which resulted in the naming of its counterpart Y chromosome, for the next letter in the alphabet, following its subsequent discovery.[3]
^Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-136-84407-2.
^Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
^Angier, Natalie (2007-05-01). "For Motherly X Chromosome, Gender Is Only the Beginning". The New York Times. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
The Xchromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in many organisms, including mammals, and is found in both males and females. It is a part of the XY...
The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes in therian mammals and other organisms. Along with the Xchromosome, it is part of the XY sex-determination...
also known as 45,X, or 45,X0, is a genetic disorder in which a female is partially or completely missing an Xchromosome (sex chromosome monosomy). Most...
X, also known as triple X syndrome and characterized by the karyotype 47,XXX, is a chromosome disorder in which a female has an extra copy of the X chromosome...
called sister chromatids. During metaphase, the X-shaped structure is called a metaphase chromosome, which is highly condensed and thus easiest to distinguish...
Pentasomy X, also known as 49,XXXXX, is a chromosomal disorder in which a female has five, rather than two, copies of the Xchromosome. Pentasomy X is associated...
Klinefelter syndrome (KS), also known as 47,XXY, is a chromosome anomaly where a male has an extra Xchromosome. These complications commonly include infertility...
within the FMR1 (fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1) gene on the Xchromosome. This results in silencing (methylation) of this part of the gene and...
Tetrasomy X, also known as 48,XXXX, is a chromosomal disorder in which a female has four, rather than two, copies of the Xchromosome. It is associated...
Aerus Trisomy X, also known as triple X syndrome or XXX syndrome, a chromosomal disorder in which a female has an extra copy of the Xchromosome All pages...
Xchromosomes. In contrast, male placental mammals, including chromosomally stable male cats, have one X and one Y chromosome. Since the Y chromosome...
By contrast, the allosome pair consists of two Xchromosomes in females or one X and one Y chromosome in males. Unusual combinations of XYY, XXY, XXX...
A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their...
number of chromosomes is restored via duplication of the single monosomic chromosome ("chromosome rescue"). Complete loss of an entire Xchromosome accounts...
Polytene chromosomes are large chromosomes which have thousands of DNA strands. They provide a high level of function in certain tissues such as salivary...
Barr) or X-chromatin is an inactive Xchromosome. In species with XY sex-determination (including humans), females typically have two Xchromosomes, and one...
caused by a mutation on the Xchromosome and have X-linked inheritance. Very few disorders are inherited on the Y chromosome or mitochondrial DNA (due to...
of X-inactivation, in which one of the Xchromosomes is turned off at random in each cell in very early embryonic development. The inactivated X becomes...
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