Human Mip-1α dimer D26A mutant. PDB 1b53.[1] Disulfide bonds highlighted.
Identifiers
Symbol
CCL3
Alt. symbols
SCYA3, MIP-1α
NCBI gene
6348
HGNC
10627
OMIM
182283
PDB
1B50 More structures
RefSeq
NM_002983
UniProt
P10147
Other data
Locus
Chr. 17 q12
Search for
Structures
Swiss-model
Domains
InterPro
chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4
Human Mip-1β dimer. PDB 1hum.[2] Disulfide bonds highlighted.
Identifiers
Symbol
CCL4
Alt. symbols
SCYA4, MIP-1β, LAG1
NCBI gene
6351
HGNC
10630
OMIM
182284
PDB
1HUM More structures
RefSeq
NM_002984
UniProt
P13236
Other data
Locus
Chr. 17 q21-q23
Search for
Structures
Swiss-model
Domains
InterPro
Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIP) belong to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as chemokines. In humans, there are two major forms, MIP-1α and MIP-1β, renamed CCL3 and CCL4 respectively, since 2000.[3] However, other names are sometimes encountered in older literature, such as LD78α, AT 464.1 and GOS19-1 for human CCL3 and AT 744, Act-2, LAG-1, HC21 and G-26 for human CCL4.[4] Other macrophage inflammatory proteins include MIP-2, MIP-3 and MIP-5.
^Czaplewski LG, McKeating J, Craven CJ, Higgins LD, Appay V, Brown A, et al. (June 1999). "Identification of amino acid residues critical for aggregation of human CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES. Characterization of active disaggregated chemokine variants". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (23): 16077–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.23.16077. PMID 10347159.
^Lodi PJ, Garrett DS, Kuszewski J, Tsang ML, Weatherbee JA, Leonard WJ, et al. (March 1994). "High-resolution solution structure of the beta chemokine hMIP-1 beta by multidimensional NMR". Science. 263 (5154): 1762–7. Bibcode:1994Sci...263.1762L. doi:10.1126/science.8134838. PMID 8134838.
^Zlotnik A, Yoshie O (February 2000). "Chemokines: a new classification system and their role in immunity". Immunity. 12 (2): 121–7. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80165-X. PMID 10714678.
MacrophageInflammatoryProteins (MIP) belong to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as chemokines. In humans, there are two major forms, MIP-1α...
motif) ligands 4 (also CCL4) previously known as macrophageinflammatoryprotein (MIP-1β), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL4 gene. CCL4...
(C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) also known as macrophageinflammatoryprotein 1-alpha (MIP-1-alpha) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL3 gene...
of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form...
that is also known as GRO3 oncogene (GRO3), GRO protein gamma (GROg) and macrophageinflammatoryprotein-2-beta (MIP2b). CXCL3 controls migration and adhesion...
(DC)-chemokine 1 (DC-CK1), alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine-1 (AMAC-1), and macrophageinflammatoryprotein-4 (MIP-4). The gene of CCL18...
cytokines and differences in substrate stiffness. M1 macrophages were described as the pro-inflammatory type, important in direct host-defense against pathogens...
dying CD4 T cells and other immune cells (including macrophages and neutrophils) release inflammatory signals that recruit more cells into the infected...
family that is also known as EBI1 ligand chemokine (ELC) and macrophageinflammatoryprotein-3-beta (MIP-3-beta). CCL19 is expressed abundantly in thymus...
system, macrophages also play an important anti-inflammatory role and can decrease immune reactions through the release of cytokines. Macrophages that encourage...
Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is a protein produced by macrophages that regulates immune responses and inflammation. It plays a crucial role...
Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) also known as ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIF1...
macrophages and CD4+ T-cells. These strains are now called R5 viruses. The normal ligands for this receptor—RANTES, macrophageinflammatoryprotein (MIP)-1β...
cell. Pyrin's protein structure also allows it to interact with other molecules involved in fighting infection and in the inflammatory response. Although...
1997). "Characterisation of macrophageinflammatoryprotein-5/human CC cytokine-2, a member of the macrophage-inflammatory-protein family of chemokines". European...
chemokine family that is also called macrophageinflammatoryprotein 2-alpha (MIP2-alpha), Growth-regulated protein beta (Gro-beta) and Gro oncogene-2 (Gro-2)...
granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and play an important role in mediating the innate immune response. Inflammatory cytokines are...
to the CC chemokine family that is also called Eotaxin-3, Macrophageinflammatoryprotein 4-alpha (MIP-4-alpha), Thymic stroma chemokine-1 (TSC-1), and...
pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines released at elevated levels by microglia upon activation. These include macrophageinflammatoryprotein-1 (MIP)...
An alveolar macrophage, pulmonary macrophage, (or dust cell) is a type of macrophage, a professional phagocyte, found in the airways and at the level of...
including IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, interleukin-1 beta, TNF alpha and macrophageinflammatoryprotein. These cytokines activate osteoclasts and inhibit osteoblasts...
amino acid residues critical for LD78beta, a variant of human macrophageinflammatoryprotein-1alpha, binding to CCR5 and inhibition of R5 human immunodeficiency...
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