A latrotoxin is a high-molecular mass neurotoxin found in the venom of spiders of the genus Latrodectus (widow spiders) as well as at least one species of another genus in the same family, Steatoda nobilis.[1] Latrotoxins are the main active components of the venom and are responsible for the symptoms of latrodectism.
The following latrotoxins have been described: five insecticidal toxins, termed α, β, γ, δ and ε-latroinsectotoxins, one vertebrate-specific neurotoxin, alpha-latrotoxin, and one toxin affecting crustaceans, α-latrocrustatoxin.[2]
^Dunbar, John P.; Fort, Antoine; Redureau, Damien; Sulpice, Ronan; Dugon, Michel M.; Quinton, Loïc (June 2020). "Venomics Approach Reveals a High Proportion of Lactrodectus-Like Toxins in the Venom of the Noble False Widow Spider Steatoda nobilis". Toxins. 12 (6): 402. doi:10.3390/toxins12060402. PMC 7354476. PMID 32570718.
^Grishin EV (November 1998). "Black widow spider toxins: the present and the future". Toxicon. 36 (11): 1693–701. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(98)00162-7. PMID 9792186.
A latrotoxin is a high-molecular mass neurotoxin found in the venom of spiders of the genus Latrodectus (widow spiders) as well as at least one species...
venoms are a complex collection of toxic agents. Unique to the widows is latrotoxin. The venom acts on nerves causing the massive release of the neurotransmitters...
small spiders have an unusually potent venom containing the neurotoxin latrotoxin, which causes the condition latrodectism, both named after the genus....
the flaccid paralysis demonstrated with botulinum neurotoxin. Latrotoxin (α-Latrotoxin) found in venom of widow spiders also affects the neuromuscular...
Their venom is mainly composed of peptidase, serine protease, alpha latrotoxin and delta lactroinsectotoxin. Peptidase and serine protease are both pancreatic...
genus Latrodectus have α-latrotoxin in their venom. The most well known spider in this genus is the black widow spider. α-latrotoxin causes the release of...
of acetylcholine, whereas the venom from a black widow spider (alpha-latrotoxin) has the reverse effect. ACh inhibition causes paralysis. When bitten...
vertebrate neurotoxin called alpha-latrotoxin, which causes intense pain in humans. In vertebrates, alpha-latrotoxin produces its effect through destabilisation...
variable. The venom injected by the female black widow is known as alpha-latrotoxin which binds to receptors at the neuromuscular motor end plate of both...
G. HAINS, G. F. KING et al., 2012 Cloning and activity of a novel α-latrotoxin from red-back spider venom. Biochemical Pharmacology 83: 170–183. Gutiérrez...
(lactases). Mammalian latrophilin, the calcium independent receptor of alpha-latrotoxin (CIRL). The galactose-binding lectin domain is not required for alpha-latratoxin...
337. Henderson N, Wright K, Morgan D, Tantum P. "Black Widow Venom (α-Latrotoxin)". Archived from the original (pptx) on 2016-12-26. Retrieved 2016-12-26...
called latrophilins, first identified as being target proteins for α-latrotoxin (the other target protein of α-LTX being neurexin, a membrane receptor...
shown to recruit the neurotoxin from black widow spider venom, alpha-latrotoxin, to the synapse plasma membrane. Latrophilin-1 also binds glucose and...
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