Histrionicotoxins are a group of related toxins found in the skin of poison frogs from the family Dendrobatidae, notably Oophaga histrionica (formerly Dendrobates histrionicus), which are native to Colombia.[1] It is likely that, as with other poison frog alkaloids, histrionicotoxins are not manufactured by the amphibians, but absorbed from insects in their diet and stored in glands in their skin.[2][3] They are notably less toxic than other alkaloids found in poison frogs, yet their distinct structure acts as a neurotoxin by non-competitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.[4]
^Daly JW (1982). "Alkaloids of Neotropical Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae)". Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products. Vol. 41. pp. 205–340. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-8656-5_6. ISBN 978-3-7091-8658-9. PMID 7049875.
^Daly JW (January 1995). "The chemistry of poisons in amphibian skin". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (1): 9–13. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92....9D. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.1.9. PMC 42808. PMID 7816854.
^Oberthür W, Muhn P, Baumann H, Lottspeich F, Wittmann-Liebold B, Hucho F (August 1986). "The reaction site of a non-competitive antagonist in the delta-subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor". The EMBO Journal. 5 (8): 1815–9. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04431.x. PMC 1167045. PMID 3758027.
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histrionica, along with O. speciosa, produces cardiotoxins known as histrionicotoxins. These moderate to highly toxic compounds act as potent noncompetitive...
Dendrobates histrionicus. It is a member of the class of compounds known as histrionicotoxins. This alkaloid skin secretion was first isolated from the tropical...
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