"Poison frog" redirects here. For other frogs that are poisonous to humans, see Poisonous frog.
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Poison dart frogs (Dendrobatidae)
Dendrobates tinctorius "azureus" (top) and Dendrobates leucomelas (bottom).
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Amphibia
Order:
Anura
Superfamily:
Dendrobatoidea
Family:
Dendrobatidae Cope, 1865
Subfamilies and genera
Colostethinae (Cope, 1867)
Ameerega
Colostethus
Epipedobates
Leucostethus
Silverstoneia
Dendrobatinae (Cope, 1865)
Adelphobates
Andinobates
Dendrobates
Excidobates
Minyobates
Oophaga
Phyllobates
Ranitomeya
Hyloxalinae (Grant et al., 2006)[1]
Ectopoglossus
Hyloxalus
Paruwrobates
Distribution of Dendrobatidae (in black)
Poison dart frog (also known as dart-poison frog, poison frog or formerly known as poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America.[2] These species are diurnal and often have brightly colored bodies. This bright coloration is correlated with the toxicity of the species, making them aposematic. Some species of the family Dendrobatidae exhibit extremely bright coloration along with high toxicity — a feature derived from their diet of ants, mites and termites[3][4]— while species which eat a much larger variety of prey have cryptic coloration with minimal to no amount of observed toxicity.[3][4] Many species of this family are threatened due to human infrastructure encroaching on their habitats.
These amphibians are often called "dart frogs" due to the aboriginal South Americans' use of their toxic secretions to poison the tips of blowdarts. However, out of over 170 species, only four have been documented as being used for this purpose (curare plants are more commonly used for aboriginal South American darts) all of which come from the genus Phyllobates, which is characterized by the relatively large size and high levels of toxicity of its members.[5][6]
^Cite error: The named reference Grant was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Ford, L.; Cannatella, D. (1993). "The Major Clades of Frogs" (PDF). Herpetological Monographs.
^ abCite error: The named reference SantosEtAl03 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCaldwell, J. P. (1996). "The evolution of myrmecophagy and its correlates in poison frogs (family Dendrobatidae)". Journal of Zoology. 240: 75–101. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1996.tb05487.x.
Poisondartfrog (also known as dart-poisonfrog, poisonfrog or formerly known as poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the family...
The blue poisondartfrog or blue poison arrow frog (Dendrobates azureus) is a poisondartfrog found in the "forest islands" surrounded by the Sipaliwini...
The green-and-black poisondartfrog (Dendrobates auratus), also known as the green-and-black poison arrow frog and green poisonfrog (among others), is...
are the poisons secreted from the skin of the poisondartfrog, and curare (or 'ampi'), a general term for a range of plant-derived arrow poisons used by...
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more commonly referred to as the black-legged poisondartfrog, is the world's second-most toxic dartfrog. Under the genus Phyllobates, this organism is...
The Rockstone poisondartfrog (Dendrobates nubeculosus) is a poorly known species of dendrobatid frogs endemic to Guyana. As it is known from only one...
for being the third most poisonous frog in the world[citation needed]. It is the smallest of the poisondartfrogs in the Phyllobates genus and is endemic...
enough poison to kill an estimated 22,000 mice. Two other species, the Kokoe poisondartfrog (Phyllobates aurotaenia) and the black-legged dartfrog (Phyllobates...
species of poisondartfrog found in the north-central region of eastern Peru. Its common names include mimic poisonfrog and poison arrow frog, and it is...
The phantasmal poisonfrog or phantasmal poison-arrow frog (Epipedobates tricolor) is a species of poisondartfrog. It is endemic to Ecuador and known...
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Colorado River toad Common toad Corroboree frog European green toad Fowler's toad Mantella Poisondartfrog Pacific newts or Western newts Tetraodontidae...
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the poisondartfrog genus Phyllobates from Nicaragua to Colombia, including the golden poisonfrog (Phyllobates terribilis), black-legged poisonfrog (P...
notable for its apparent immunity to the toxic skin of the golden poisondartfrog, which it preys upon. Common name: fire-bellied snake "Erythrolamprus...
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Amazon rainforest use the frogs' toxins on their weapons to kill their prey, giving the frogs their nickname the "poisondartfrog". Some people use the bufotoxins...
Oophaga is a genus of poison-dartfrogs containing twelve species, many of which were formerly placed in the genus Dendrobates. The frogs are distributed in...
The reticulated poisonfrog (Ranitomeya ventrimaculata), known in French as dendrobate à ventre tacheté, is a species of poisondartfrog. It is native...
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