In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 59 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.
Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families.[1][2][3] This classification is available on the CAZy web site,[4][5] and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.[6][7]
Glycoside hydrolase family 59 CAZY GH_59 comprises enzymes with only one known activity; galactocerebrosidase (EC 3.2.1.46). Globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease) is a severe, autosomal recessive disorder that results from deficiency of galactocerebrosidase (GALC) activity.[8][9][10] GALC is responsible for the lysosomal catabolism of certain galactolipids, including galactosylceramide and psychosine.[8]
^Henrissat B, Callebaut I, Fabrega S, Lehn P, Mornon JP, Davies G (July 1995). "Conserved catalytic machinery and the prediction of a common fold for several families of glycosyl hydrolases". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (15): 7090–4. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.7090H. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.15.7090. PMC 41477. PMID 7624375.
^Davies G, Henrissat B (September 1995). "Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases". Structure. 3 (9): 853–9. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(01)00220-9. PMID 8535779.
^Henrissat B, Bairoch A (June 1996). "Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases". The Biochemical Journal. 316 ( Pt 2) (Pt 2): 695–6. doi:10.1042/bj3160695. PMC 1217404. PMID 8687420.
^"Home". CAZy.org. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
^Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B (January 2014). "The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (Database issue): D490-5. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1178. PMC 3965031. PMID 24270786.
^"Glycoside Hydrolase Family 59". CAZypedia.org. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
^CAZypedia Consortium (December 2018). "Ten years of CAZypedia: a living encyclopedia of carbohydrate-active enzymes" (PDF). Glycobiology. 28 (1): 3–8. doi:10.1093/glycob/cwx089. hdl:21.11116/0000-0003-B7EB-6. PMID 29040563.
^ abRafi MA, Wenger DA, Victoria T (1996). "Cloning of the canine GALC cDNA and identification of the mutation causing globoid cell leukodystrophy in West Highland White and Cairn terriers". Genomics. 33 (3): 457–462. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0220. PMID 8661004.
^Luzi P, Rafi MA, Wenger DA (1995). "Structure and organization of the human galactocerebrosidase (GALC) gene". Genomics. 26 (2): 407–409. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80230-J. PMID 7601472.
^Fukushima H, Inui K, Fu L, Nishigaki T, Yanagihara I, Tatsumi N, Ozono K, Okada S, Sakai N (1998). "Human galactocerebrosidase gene: promoter analysis of the 5'-flanking region and structural organization". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1395 (1): 62–67. doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(97)00140-1. PMID 9434153.
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