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Ethanol, an alcohol found in nature and in alcoholic drinks, is metabolized through a complex catabolic metabolic pathway. In humans, several enzymes are involved in processing ethanol first into acetaldehyde and further into acetic acid and acetyl-CoA. Once acetyl-CoA is formed, it becomes a substrate for the citric acid cycle ultimately producing cellular energy and releasing water and carbon dioxide. Due to differences in enzyme presence and availability, human adults and fetuses process ethanol through different pathways. Gene variation in these enzymes can lead to variation in catalytic efficiency between individuals. The liver is the major organ that metabolizes ethanol due to its high concentration of these enzymes.
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involved in ethanol oxidation, is upregulated by ethanol exposure, meaning that ethanol is capable of inducing its own metabolism. Ethanol has indeed been...
PMID 7624539. Fructose & ethanol[improper synthesis?] Carpenter, Thorne M.; Lee, Robert C (1937). "The effect of fructose on the metabolism of ethyl alcohol in...
The microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) is an alternate pathway of ethanolmetabolism that occurs in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the oxidation...
CH3CHO + NADH + H+ When present in significant concentrations, this metabolism of ethanol is additionally aided by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2E1 in humans...
glycogen reserves they then attain "second wind" which is entirely aerobic metabolism primarily by free fatty acids. Aerobic and anaerobic systems usually work...
dehydrogenase, and thus slows the metabolism of ethanol. It also inhibits metabolism of other drugs requiring oxidative metabolism. For example, diazepam requires...
Chronic alcohol use can cause depleted hepatic glycogen stores and ethanolmetabolism further impairs gluconeogenesis. This can reduce glucose availability...
of ethanol to acetaldehyde per minute at pH 8.8 at 25 °C. There have been studies showing that variations in ADH that influence ethanolmetabolism have...
Chronic alcohol use can cause depleted hepatic glycogen stores and ethanolmetabolism further impairs gluconeogenesis. This can reduce glucose availability...
agents known to produce disulfiram-like reaction: effects on hepatic ethanolmetabolism and brain monoamines". International Journal of Toxicology. 26 (5):...
pass effect (also known as first-pass metabolism or presystemic metabolism) is a phenomenon of drug metabolism at a specific location in the body which...
acetic acid. These processes are known as lactic acid fermentation and ethanolmetabolism respectively. A possible byproduct of this reaction is cellulose,...
O, Husemoen LL (Jan 2010). "Genetic determinants of both ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism influence alcohol hypersensitivity and drinking behaviour...
Cellulosic ethanol is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) produced from cellulose (the stringy fiber of a plant) rather than from the plant's seeds or fruit. It can...
idea may have some basis in science in the difference between ethanol and methanol metabolism. The expression originally referred to a method of treatment...
is one third of ethanol's. Propylene glycol is metabolized in the human body into pyruvic acid (a normal part of the glucose-metabolism process, readily...
around 29 to 30 ATP per glucose. Aerobic metabolism is up to 15 times more efficient than anaerobic metabolism (which yields 2 molecules of ATP per 1 molecule...
production of xanthan gum.[citation needed] In ethanol fermentation, one glucose molecule is converted into two ethanol molecules and two carbon dioxide (CO2)...
Metabolism (/məˈtæbəlɪzəm/, from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. The three main functions...
bladder disease, and cancer is likely to result in a slower rate of metabolism. Ethanol is metabolised to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which...
describes the phenomenon whereby the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, produces ethanol (alcohol) in aerobic conditions at high external glucose concentrations...
nerves. There are increased levels of acetaldehyde produced during ethanolmetabolism. If the acetaldehyde is not metabolized quickly the nerves may be...
be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation. Pyruvic acid supplies energy to cells...
is unclear. (R)-Salsolinol which has been shown to be a product of ethanolmetabolism, stereospecifically induces behavioral sensitization and leads to...
strategy, cells excrete (or "overflow") metabolites like lactate, acetate and ethanol. Incomplete oxidation of growth substrates yields less energy (e.g. ATP)...
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