A SCOBY used for brewing kombucha.Kombucha co-culture with SCOBY biofilm
Symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) is a culinary symbiotic fermentation culture (starter) consisting of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and yeast which arises in the preparation of sour foods and beverages such as kombucha.[1] Beer and wine also undergo fermentation with yeast, but the lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria components unique to SCOBY are usually viewed as a source of spoilage rather than a desired addition.[2][3] Both LAB and AAB enter on the surface of barley and malt in beer fermentation and grapes in wine fermentation; LAB lowers the pH of the beer/wine while AAB takes the ethanol produced from the yeast and oxidizes it further into vinegar, resulting in a sour taste and smell.[2][3] AAB are also responsible for the formation of the cellulose SCOBY.[1]
In its most common form, SCOBY is a gelatinous, cellulose-based biofilm or microbial mat found floating at the container's air-liquid interface. This bacterial cellulose mat is sometimes called a pellicle.[4] SCOBY pellicles, like sourdough starters, can serve the purpose of continuing the fermentation process into a new vessel and reproducing the desired product.[4] This can be attributed to SCOBY's ability to house not only the symbiotic growth, but a small amount of the previous media and product due to its ability to absorb water.[1] SCOBYs can vary greatly in cell density within the biofilm due to fermentation conditions, leading to possible variations in the end product; numerous studies are currently taking place to determine the optimal ratio of SCOBY, if any, to liquid culture to ensure highest product consistency, as there are no standard operating procedures in place.[4] Further information such as the organisms and culture conditions necessary to ferment and form a SCOBY, biofilm characteristics, and applications in foods and beverages with specific emphasis in kombucha can be found below.[5]
^ abBokulich, N. A.; Bamforth, C. W. (2013-06-01). "The Microbiology of Malting and Brewing". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 77 (2): 157–172. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00060-12. ISSN 1092-2172. PMC 3668669. PMID 23699253.
^ ab"Lactic Acid Bacteria and Wine Spoilage". Midwest Grape and Wine Industry Institute. Retrieved 2020-05-12.
^ abcMay, Alexander; Narayanan, Shrinath; Alcock, Joe; Varsani, Arvind; Maley, Carlo; Aktipis, Athena (2019-09-03). "Kombucha: a novel model system for cooperation and conflict in a complex multi-species microbial ecosystem". PeerJ. 7: e7565. doi:10.7717/peerj.7565. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 6730531. PMID 31534844.
^"Homemade Kombucha". Fonsly. 13 November 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
Symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) is a culinary symbiotic fermentation culture (starter) consisting of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic...
culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) commonly called a "mother" or "mushroom". The microbial populations in a SCOBY vary. The yeast component generally...
bacteria (AAB). It is similar to the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) mostly known from production of kombucha, but develops to a much lesser...
Scoby Power Plant and Dam is a historic dam and now defunct power plant located between the towns of Ashford and Concord, near Springville, New York....
Brevibacterium vermiforme), which form a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). It forms a gelatinous substance that allows it to be easily transferred...
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out he is a widower. Guthrie catches up with Gates and Scoby, killing Gates and taking Scoby captive. The posse tracks Winterhawk to his tribes winter...
Pellicle (cooking), a growth on the surface of fermenting liquids (e.g. SCOBY), or skin of proteins on the surface of meat, fish or poultry, which allow...
fermenting sugared tea using a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). Winemaking kits: Cheap winemaking kits usually instruct that the grape...
spp. are similarly part of the symbiotic colonies of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) involved in the fermentation of kefir, a fermented milk beverage and kombucha...
byproduct of the same symbiotic colonies of bacteria and yeast (abbreviated SCOBY) found in another of the world's popular "live culture" foods: kombucha...
Paul Beatty's The White Boy Shuffle (1996), in which a character, Nicholas Scoby, declares that his dream (he specifically calls it a "Dream and a half,...
(1974) The Apple Dumpling Gang (1975) - Rudy Hooks Winterhawk (1975) - Scoby Mackintosh and T.J. (1975) - Schuster White House Madness (1975) - Bob Haldeman...
fermentation. In kombucha, bacteria create the biofilm network that initiates SCOBY formation, while the yeast produce invertase that makes sugars available...
Education. Leone developed an interest in fermentation after being given a SCOBY. After graduating, Leone was hired as an intern at Bon Appétit as a test...
inverted sugar syrup with tea using a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY), and yeast in winemaking is used for ethanol fermentation. Cold water can...
Dave as the youngest of three sons. In 1992, a family friend gifted them a SCOBY which she said had been given to her by a Buddhist nun. Dave's parents began...
- Track & Field". Stanford University Athletics. Retrieved 2020-04-09. Scoby, Ashley (June 11, 2016). "Jenna Gray of St. James Academy is The Star's...
January 23, 2019. "MSU Traditions". Murraystate.edu. Retrieved June 20, 2015. Scoby, Courtney (21 January 2016). "Shoe Tree finds new home". The Murray State...
"Moby and SCOBY" Bob Koherr Pamela Eells O'Connell February 20, 2015 (2015-02-20) 404 2.10 Emma is working on a new project she calls a SCOBY; Luke makes...
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