This article is about the orbits of electrons. For valence shell, see Valence electron.
"Atomic shell" redirects here. For the weapon, see Nuclear artillery.
"D-shell" redirects here. The term may also refer to the shield-connecting part of D-sub connectors.
In chemistry and atomic physics, an electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that electrons follow around an atom's nucleus. The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell" (also called the "K shell"), followed by the "2 shell" (or "L shell"), then the "3 shell" (or "M shell"), and so on farther and farther from the nucleus. The shells correspond to the principal quantum numbers (n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ...) or are labeled alphabetically with the letters used in X-ray notation (K, L, M, ...). A useful guide when understanding electron shells in atoms is to note that each row on the conventional periodic table of elements represents an electron shell.
Each shell can contain only a fixed number of electrons: the first shell can hold up to two electrons, the second shell can hold up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell can hold up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) and so on. The general formula is that the nth shell can in principle hold up to 2(n2) electrons.[1] For an explanation of why electrons exist in these shells, see electron configuration.[2]
Each shell consists of one or more subshells, and each subshell consists of one or more atomic orbitals.
^Re: Why do electron shells have set limits ? madsci.org, 17 March 1999, Dan Berger, Faculty Chemistry/Science, Bluffton College
electronshell may be thought of as an orbit that electrons follow around an atom's nucleus. The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell"...
electrons). An atom's nth electronshell can accommodate 2n2 electrons. For example, the first shell can accommodate two electrons, the second shell eight electrons...
valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outermost shell is not...
electrically neutral atom absorbs an inner atomic electron, usually from the K or L electronshells. This process thereby changes a nuclear proton to...
material sciences. The wider the electronshells are in space, the weaker is the electric interaction between the electrons and the nucleus due to screening...
(period) is started when a new electronshell has its first electron. Columns (groups) are determined by the electron configuration of the atom; elements...
involves removing an electron from a lower electronshell, the greatly decreased distance between the nucleus and the electron also increases both the...
the energies of certain sub-shells become very similar and so the order in which they are said to be populated by electrons (e.g., Cr = [Ar]4s13d5 and...
electrons are the electrons in an atom that are not valence electrons and do not participate in chemical bonding. The nucleus and the core electrons of...
shell of a carbon atom is the n = 2 shell, which can hold eight electrons, whereas the outer (and only) shell of a hydrogen atom is the n = 1 shell,...
screening effect due to the inner-shell and other electrons (see Electronshell and the later discussion of the "Shell Model of the Atom" below). This was...
an electronshell, or principal energy level, may be thought of as the orbit of one or more electrons around an atom's nucleus. The closest shell to the...
Valence shellelectron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory (/ˈvɛspər, vəˈsɛpər/ VESP-ər,: 410 və-SEP-ər) is a model used in chemistry to predict the geometry...
valence shell of the atom; a group 17 atom releases more energy than a group 1 atom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and therefore...
elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas...
or loss of electrons to the valence shell (the outer-most electronshell) in an atom. The inner shells of an atom are filled with electrons that are tightly...
An electron microprobe (EMP), also known as an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) or electron micro probe analyzer (EMPA), is an analytical tool used...
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outermost electronshell of atoms. They can be identified by using a Lewis structure. Electron pairs are therefore considered lone pairs if two electrons are...
minute. An aluminium atom has 13 electrons, arranged in an electron configuration of [Ne] 3s2 3p1, with three electrons beyond a stable noble gas configuration...
explained if the electrons in an atom were connected or clustered in some manner. Groups of electrons were thought to occupy a set of electronshells around the...
arrangement of the chemical elements, structured by their atomic number, electron configuration and recurring chemical properties. In the basic form, elements...
number describes the electronshell of an electron. The value of n ranges from 1 to the shell containing the outermost electron of that atom, that is...
show that each electron in helium partly screens the nucleus from the other, so that the effective nuclear charge Zeff which each electron sees is about...
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Mollusc shell Bivalve shell Gastropod shellShell, of a brachiopod Turtle shell Armadillo shellElectronshell or a principal energy level of electrons outside...
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