Early history of Harar city is generally obscure, as many documents and records differ the exact date of the origin of the city. Most historical records state that Harar's history date back to 16th century, beginning with Adal Sultanate moving its capital from Dakkar to Harar during the reign of Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad. Other rudimentary oral tradition produced in 19th and 20th century stated that Harar history dated by in the 10th century or Abadir Umar ar-Rida founded the first Harar kingdom after migrating from Arabian Peninsula to spread Islam in 12th and 13th century.
Harar and the surrounding countryside illustration by Sir Richard Francis Burton (1856).
In 1647, Emirate of Harar was established when Harari people refused to accept Imam Umar Din as their ruler after broke up from Aussa Sultanate to form their own state under Ali ibn Da'ud. The emirate persisted under sovereign until Egyptian invasion in 1874, and the British take over of Egypt, ultimately under Hewett Treaty, the Emirate ceded to the Ethiopian Empire in exchange of assistance against Mahdist Sudan. The Emirate eventually defeated at the Battle of Chelenqo in 1887 by Ethiopian armies guided under Negus Menelik II, incorporated to the Ethiopian Empire.
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EarlyhistoryofHarar city is generally obscure, as many documents and records differ the exact date of the origin of the city. Most historical records...
Harar (Amharic: ሐረር; Harari: ሀረር; Oromo: Adare Biyyo; Somali: Herer; Arabic: هرر), known historically by the indigenous as Harar-Gey or simply Gey (Harari:...
The Emirate ofHarar was a Muslim kingdom founded in 1647 when the Harari people refused to accept Imām ʿUmardīn Ādan as their ruler and broke away from...
located in the Horn of Africa. It was founded by Sabr ad-Din III on the Harar plateau in Adal after the fall of the Sultanate of Ifat. The kingdom flourished...
The Battle ofHarar was a battle of the Ogaden War. The battle took place from October 1977 until January 1978, and was fought near Harar, Ethiopia. The...
people under Muhammad ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur were prospering in Harar. The Emir ofHarar persecuted his own people, favoring the Oromo tribes over the Harari...
generally agreed that the town was somewhere in the Harar plateau. The city was established in the early 15th century by Sabr ad-Din III after he returned...
would become Harar. These early Semitic settlers in the region were believed to be of Hadhrami stock. Sheikh Abadir, the legendary patriarch of the Harari...
present-day eastern Ethiopia. Historically part of the Adal region alongside Gidaya and Hargaya states on the Harar plateau. Hubat is today within a district...
Salt Trade of Ethiopia. University Press of Colorado. ISBN 9781646424733. Mercier, Héloïse (2022). "Writing and rewriting history from Harar to Awsa :...
attributed to the Harla. Tradition states one of Harla's main towns was Metehara and the area between Harar and Dire Dawa is still referred to as Harla...
'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur ofHarar. The Harari forces were routed, and Negus Menelik afterwards occupied and annexed the city ofHarar. Negus Menelik, in response...
shrines. The city ofHarar is located in Eastern Ethiopia and got its role of being an Islamic center in the 16th century AD. Harar is contained by a...
clan family. Members of this clan traditionally inhabit central and southern Somalia, Somaliland, Djibouti, Ethiopia (Somali, Harar, Oromia and Afar regions)...
to be part of Adal Sultanate during the medieval times. During the 19th century, the region was considered the domain of the Emirate ofHarar until Menelik's...
known about it there earlier than the seventeenth century. The original domesticated coffee plant is said to have been from Harar, and the native population...
Sciences under the top ulema ofHarar, which consisted of Harari and Somali scholars. Sheikh Khalil, one of the ulema ofHarar, advised Sheikh Madar to establish...
Semitic names alternatively. Ethiopia in the Middle Ages Historyof the Horn of Africa Sultanate ofHarar Østebø, Terje (30 September 2011). Localising Salafism:...
Abyssinia as early as the sixteenth century as reported by Portuguese explorer Francisco Álvares however the most prominent Mesob is ofHarar origin. In...
Islamic Studies of the University of Exeter as part of the Becoming Muslim project at the urban sites of Harlaa in 2017-2019, Harar in 2014-2018, and...
wine or chocolate-like taste and floral aroma. Harar is in the Eastern highlands of Ethiopia. It is one of the oldest coffee beans still produced and is...
plain between the border of Somalia and Ethiopia, extending towards the eastern Ethiopian Highlands where larger cities like Harar and Dire Dawa are located...
1905, at the age of 13, Tafari was appointed by his father as the Dejazmatch of Gara Mulatta (a region some twenty miles southwest ofHarar). The literal...
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