The L enantiomer of lactic acidThis animation focuses on one molecule of glucose turning into pyruvate then into lactic acid. In the process there is one 6-carbon glucose molecule and 2 NAD+ molecules. 2 phosphates attach to the ends of the glucose molecule, then glucose is split into 2 3-carbon pyruvate precursors. Subsequently, NAD+ molecules are converted into 2 NADH and additional phosphate groups are attached to the carbons. Then ADP comes and takes the phosphates, creating 2 ATP molecules. The pyruvate is turned into 2 lactate molecules, which convert NADH back to NAD+. The process then repeats, starting with another glucose molecule.
Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose or other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is lactic acid in solution. It is an anaerobic fermentation reaction that occurs in some bacteria and animal cells, such as muscle cells.[1][2][3][page needed]
If oxygen is present in the cell, many organisms will bypass fermentation and undergo cellular respiration; however, facultative anaerobic organisms will both ferment and undergo respiration in the presence of oxygen.[3] Sometimes even when oxygen is present and aerobic metabolism is happening in the mitochondria, if pyruvate is building up faster than it can be metabolized, the fermentation will happen anyway.
Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD+.
In homolactic fermentation, one molecule of glucose is ultimately converted to two molecules of lactic acid. Heterolactic fermentation, by contrast, yields carbon dioxide and ethanol in addition to lactic acid, in a process called the phosphoketolase pathway.[1]
^ abBattcock M, Azam-Ali S (1998). "Bacterial Fermentations". Fermented Fruits and Vegetables: A Global Perspective. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-104226-8. Archived from the original on 2019-02-24. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
^Abedon ST (1998-04-03). "Glycolysis and Fermentation". Ohio State University. Archived from the original on 2010-01-17. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
^ abCampbell N, Reece J (2005). Biology (7th ed.). Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 0-8053-7146-X.
and 27 Related for: Lactic acid fermentation information
Lacticacidfermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose or other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or...
Lacticacid is an organic acid. It has the molecular formula CH3CH(OH)COOH. It is white in the solid state and it is miscible with water. When in the dissolved...
it provides energy when oxygen is scarce (along with lacticacidfermentation). Before fermentation, a glucose molecule breaks down into two pyruvate molecules...
fermentation is considered an anaerobic process. It also takes place in some species of fish (including goldfish and carp) where (along with lactic acid...
products, produce lacticacid as the major metabolic end product of carbohydrate fermentation, giving them the common name lacticacid bacteria (LAB). Production...
metabolic acidosis, in which excessive acid accumulates due to a problem with the body's oxidative metabolism. Lactic acidosis is typically the result of...
softer-tasting lacticacid. Malolactic fermentation is most often performed as a secondary fermentation shortly after the end of the primary fermentation, but can...
bread is a bread made by the fermentation of dough using wild lactobacillaceae and yeast. Lacticacid from fermentation imparts a sour taste and improves...
produces lacticacid as waste. In the heterolactic pathway, it produces lacticacid as well as ethanol and carbon dioxide. Lacticacidfermentation is relatively...
food through lacticacid, alcohol, acetic acid, and alkaline fermentations; to enrich food substrates with protein, essential amino acids, and vitamins;...
of ATP continues through fermentation. There are two types of fermentation: alcohol fermentation and lacticacidfermentation. There are several different...
malolactic fermentation or MLF. In this process, bacteria convert the stronger malic acid into the softer lacticacid; formally, malic acid is polyprotic...
include water, dry milk, and lactic acid, and it is produced by lacticacidfermentation. The drink is sold as a concentrate, which is mixed with water...
fermentation theory refers to the historical study of models of natural fermentation processes, especially alcoholic and lacticacidfermentation. Notable...
skeletal muscles, the waste product is lacticacid. This type of fermentation is called lacticacidfermentation. In strenuous exercise, when energy demands...
Symbiotic fermentation is a form of fermentation in which multiple organisms (yeasts, acetic acid bacteria, lacticacid bacteria and others) interact...
(SCOBY) is a culinary symbiotic fermentation culture (starter) consisting of lacticacid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and yeast which arises...
its production method in the 16th century. Şalgam is produced by lacticacidfermentation. Studies have shown that the juice of the purple carrot used in...
texture, special fragrance, and health benefits originating from its lacticacidfermentation. Sichuan pao cai is produced both domestically in locals' daily...
is converted to lactate (the conjugate base of lacticacid) in a process called lacticacidfermentation: Pyruvate + NADH + H+ → Lactate + NAD+ This process...
fermented by various lacticacid bacteria. It has a long shelf life and a distinctive sour flavor, both of which result from the lacticacid formed when the...
amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lacticacid via fermentation. Pyruvic acid supplies energy to cells through the citric acid cycle...
Look up lactic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Lactic may refer to: LacticacidLacticacid bacteria Lacticacidfermentation Milk This disambiguation...
Similar to the fermentation of pickles, the primary lacticacidfermentation of sugars by halophiles reduces the pH of moromi down to acidic range. Low pH...
Global Information
