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Alpha toxin information


Alpha toxin or alpha-toxin refers to several different protein toxins produced by bacteria, including:

  • Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin, a membrane-disrupting toxin that creates pores causing hemolysis and tissue damage
  • Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin, a membrane-disrupting toxin with phospholipase C activity, which is directly responsible for gas gangrene and myonecrosis
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Alpha toxin

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Alpha toxin or alpha-toxin refers to several different protein toxins produced by bacteria, including: Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin, a membrane-disrupting...

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Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin

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Alpha-toxin, also known as alpha-hemolysin (Hla), is the major cytotoxic agent released by bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the first identified member...

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Clostridium septicum

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myonecrosis through the release of exotoxins such as the alpha toxin, lethal toxin, and hemolytic toxin Clostridium septicum is a large, gram-positive, rod-shaped...

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Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin

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Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) and is responsible for gas gangrene and...

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Clostridium perfringens

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and G: Alpha toxin (CPA) is a zinc-containing phospholipase C, composed of two structural domains, which destroy a cell's membrane. Alpha toxins are produced...

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Gas gangrene

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include alpha toxin and theta toxin. C. perfringens causes 80–90% of infections and produces both these toxins.[citation needed] Alpha toxin (α-toxin) C....

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Tetanus toxin

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Tetanus toxin (TeNT) is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of Clostridium tetani in anaerobic conditions, causing tetanus...

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Hathewaya histolytica

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death in laboratory animals within hours. Alpha-toxin is a necrotizing, but not hemolytic, toxin. This toxin is secreted, as it is isolated from filtrates...

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Cholera toxin

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Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is an AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio...

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Amatoxin

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all toxins besides gamma amanitin than was found in Amanita phalloides. The spores of Amanita phalloides var. alba contained 0.89 mg/g of alpha-amanitin...

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Clostridium novyi

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B toxins of Clostridium difficile show homology with the alpha-toxin of C novyi as does the lethal toxin of clostridium sordellii. The alpha-toxin is...

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Diphtheria toxin

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Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted mainly by Corynebacterium diphtheriae but also by Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis...

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Microbial toxin

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Microbial toxins are toxins produced by micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, dinoflagellates, and viruses. Many microbial toxins promote...

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Toxin

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A toxin is a naturally occurring organic[dubious – discuss] poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially...

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Necrotizing fasciitis

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myonecrosis). Clostridium perfringens produces two deadly toxins: alpha-toxin and theta-toxin. Alpha-toxin causes excessive platelet aggregation which blocks...

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Neurotoxin

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Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity). Neurotoxins are an extensive class of exogenous chemical neurological...

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Latrotoxin

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five insecticidal toxins, termed α, β, γ, δ and ε-latroinsectotoxins, one vertebrate-specific neurotoxin, alpha-latrotoxin, and one toxin affecting crustaceans...

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Phospholipase C

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residues, from the N-terminus. Alpha-toxin has an additional 120 residues in the C-terminus. The C-terminus of the alpha-toxin has been reported as a "C2-like"...

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Botulinum toxin

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paralysis. The toxin causes the disease botulism. The toxin is also used commercially for medical and cosmetic purposes. Botulinum toxin is an acetylcholine...

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Shiga toxin

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Shiga toxins are a family of related toxins with two major groups, Stx1 and Stx2, expressed by genes considered to be part of the genome of lambdoid prophages...

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Ricin

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polypeptide arranged into alpha-helices and beta-sheets. The three domains form a pronounced cleft that is the active site of RTA. Ricin toxin B chain (RTB) is...

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Hemolysin

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of anti alpha-hemlysin are thought to give protection. Further findings show that the main virulence factor of S. aureus, the pore-forming toxin α-hemolysin...

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Mycotoxin

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improve the environment for further fungal proliferation. The production of toxins depends on the surrounding intrinsic and extrinsic environments and these...

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Anthrax toxin

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Anthrax toxin is a three-protein exotoxin secreted by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis—the causative agent of anthrax. The toxin was...

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Snake venom

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surface of muscle cells and cause depolarisation → the toxin prevents muscle contraction. These toxins may cause the heart to beat irregularly or stop beating...

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