Molecule destroying the membrane of red blood cells
Leukocidin/Hemolysin toxin
Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin from S. aureus (PDB: 7AHL).
Identifiers
Symbol
Leukocidin
Pfam
PF07968
Pfam clan
CL0636
InterPro
IPR036435
Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures / ECOD
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Hemolysins or haemolysins are lipids and proteins that cause lysis of red blood cells by disrupting the cell membrane. Although the lytic activity of some microbe-derived hemolysins on red blood cells may be of great importance for nutrient acquisition, many hemolysins produced by pathogens do not cause significant destruction of red blood cells during infection. However, hemolysins are often capable of lysing red blood cells in vitro.
While most hemolysins are protein compounds, some are lipid biosurfactants.[1]
^Stipcevic T, Piljac T, Isseroff RR (November 2005). "Di-rhamnolipid from Pseudomonas aeruginosa displays differential effects on human keratinocyte and fibroblast cultures". J. Dermatol. Sci. 40 (2): 141–3. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2005.08.005. PMC 1592130. PMID 16199139.
Hemolysins or haemolysins are lipids and proteins that cause lysis of red blood cells by disrupting the cell membrane. Although the lytic activity of some...
movement of DNA or RNA through the pores of the lipid membranes. Alpha hemolysin (αHL), a nanopore from bacteria that causes lysis of red blood cells,...
substance (CAMP factor) that enlarges the area of hemolysis formed by the β-hemolysin elaborated from Staphylococcus aureus. Although the test is usually used...
Alpha-toxin, also known as alpha-hemolysin (Hla), is the major cytotoxic agent released by bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the first identified member...
liberating hemoglobins, are named hemolysins, and so on. Cytolysins may be involved in immunity as well as in venoms. Hemolysin is also used by certain bacteria...
action of hemolysins, toxins that are produced by certain pathogenic bacteria or fungi. Another cause is intense physical exercise. Hemolysins damage the...
are thought to contribute to E. faecalis infections. A plasmid-encoded hemolysin, called the cytolysin, is important for pathogenesis in animal models...
β- and γ-toxins, lipophosphodiesterase C, phosphatidase C, heat-labile hemolysin, α-toxin) is an enzyme with systematic name phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase...
the host-parasite relationship, and the mechanisms of the formation of hemolysin and antibody, as well as researching the antimalarial mechanisms of quinine...
or single-stranded DNA molecules through the membrane-embedded alpha-hemolysin channel (1.5 nm diameter), for example, causes a ~90% blockage of the...
and other animals. C. tetani also produces the exotoxin tetanolysin, a hemolysin, that causes destruction of tissues. Tetanus toxin spreads through tissue...
argenteus is cytotoxic to human cells due to high expression of alpha-hemolysin. Tong, S. Y. C.; Schaumburg, F.; Ellington, M. J.; Corander, J.; Pichon...
bacterium. It is catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, and expresses a beta hemolysin, which causes destruction of red blood cells. This bacterium exhibits...
readout of electrical signals occurred as nucleotides passed by alpha(α)-hemolysin pores covalently bound with cyclodextrin. However the subsequent commercial...
electrolytes and water from intestinal cells. Membrane-damaging toxins exhibit hemolysin or cytolysin activity in vitro. However, induction of cell lysis may not...
thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) and/or the tdh-related hemolysin gene (trh). Strains possessing one or both of these hemolysins exhibit beta-hemolysis...
hemolytic agents, which may facilitate degradation of the phagosome. A hemolysin activity, named NlyA, with immunological reactivity to Escherichia coli...
It is also distinguished from classic biotypes by the production of hemolysins. At the turn of the 20th century, the Ottoman government established six...
membrane-damaging toxins, destroy cell membranes in order to enter and include hemolysins and phospholipases. Type III, intracellular toxins or A/B toxins interfere...
Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a hemolysin produced by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, the pathogen responsible for causing listeriosis. The toxin may...
aligns the most with the stem region of α-hemolysin (64%) and may adopt a similar structure. This α-hemolysin of S. aureus synthesis which really does...
the phagolysosome by lysing the vacuole's entire membrane with secreted hemolysin, now characterized as the exotoxin listeriolysin O. The bacteria then...
defend itself against the immune response's T cells through two toxins: a hemolysin and the cytolethal distending toxin (CDT). CDT is characterized by its...
extent of damage in G-quadruplexes of telomeres, Burrows used a protein α-hemolysin, which contains a nanoscale tube core and is embedded in the cell membrane...
coli, Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli, and E. coli Expressing Intimin and Hemolysin". Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition. 29 (4): 452–456....
Global Information