Temperature anomaly event caused by a volcanic eruption
A volcanic winter is a reduction in global temperatures caused by droplets of sulfuric acid obscuring the Sun and raising Earth's albedo (increasing the reflection of solar radiation) after a large, sulfur-rich, particularly explosive volcanic eruption. Climate effects are primarily dependent upon the amount of injection of SO2 and H2S into the stratosphere where they react with OH and H2O to form H2SO4 on a timescale of a week, and the resulting H2SO4 aerosols produce the dominant radiative effect. Volcanic stratospheric aerosols cool the surface by reflecting solar radiation and warm the stratosphere by absorbing terrestrial radiation for several years. Moreover, the cooling trend can be further extended by atmosphere–ice–ocean feedback mechanisms. These feedbacks can continue to maintain the cool climate long after the volcanic aerosols have dissipated.
A volcanicwinter is a reduction in global temperatures caused by droplets of sulfuric acid obscuring the Sun and raising Earth's albedo (increasing the...
The volcanicwinter of 536 was the most severe and protracted episode of climatic cooling in the Northern Hemisphere in the last 2,000 years. The volcanic...
cool Earth's troposphere. Historically, large volcanic eruptions have been followed by volcanicwinters which have caused catastrophic famines. Other...
to the present). Other volcanic eruptions are also listed. Some eruptions cooled the global climate—inducing a volcanicwinter—depending on the amount...
nominated 536 as "the worst year to be alive" because of the volcanicwinter of 536 caused by a volcanic eruption early in the year, causing average temperatures...
the mechanisms of an impact winter are similar to those that occur after a mega-volcanic eruption-induced volcanicwinter. In this scenario massive amounts...
Toba catastrophe theory is that this event caused a severe global volcanicwinter of six to ten years and contributed to a 1,000-year-long cooling episode...
Hemisphere. Evidence suggests that the anomaly was predominantly a volcanicwinter event caused by the massive 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in April...
the frequent volcanic eruptions that inject sulfates into the stratosphere and thereby produce minor, even negligible, volcanicwinter effects. A suite...
the forest of Hoddmímis holt. The mythology might be related to the volcanicwinter of 536, which resulted in a notable drop in temperature across northern...
Antiquity. The period coincides with three large volcanic eruptions in 535/536, 539/540 and 547. The volcanicwinter of 536 was the early phenomenon of the century-long...
and its 1815 eruption was the most powerful volcanic eruption in recorded human history. This volcanic explosivity index (VEI) 7 eruption ejected 37–45 km3...
eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines' Luzon Volcanic Arc was the second-largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, behind only the 1912 eruption...
was also suggested that the eruption of the Toba Caldera led to a volcanicwinter with a worldwide decrease in temperature between 3 and 5 °C (5.4 and...
order to build and manage a city during a catastrophic, worldwide volcanicwinter that almost completely destroyed human civilization while making morally...
Volcanic lightning is an electrical discharge caused by a volcanic eruption rather than from an ordinary thunderstorm. Volcanic lightning arises from...
complete list. Year Without a Summer Volcanicwinter of 536 List of largest volcanic eruptions List of Quaternary volcanic eruptions Timeline of volcanism...
volcanic deposits on Steers and Calmeyer had caused steam to rise, which some mistook for a continued eruption. The eruption caused a volcanicwinter...
century, in which they must build and maintain a city during a worldwide volcanicwinter, managing resources, making choices on how to survive, and exploring...
A volcanic hazard is the probability a volcanic eruption or related geophysical event will occur in a given geographic area and within a specified window...
Craters of Laki) is a volcanic fissure in the western part of Vatnajökull National Park, Iceland, not far from the volcanic fissure of Eldgjá and the...
beginning of the Shang dynasty, which may have been a consequence of volcanicwinter (similar to 1816, the Year Without a Summer, after the 1815 eruption...
In the late 1990s, anthropologist Stanley Ambrose proposed that a volcanicwinter induced by this eruption reduced the human population to about 2,000–20...
In a volcanic eruption, lava, volcanic bombs, ash, and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent and fissure. While many eruptions only pose dangers...
Ambrose SH (June 1998). "Late Pleistocene human population bottlenecks, volcanicwinter, and differentiation of modern humans". Journal of Human Evolution...
7.3 km3 of volcanic rock into the atmosphere, placing its Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) at 5. This would have caused a volcanicwinter, cooling temperatures...