In neuroscience, synaptic scaling (or homeostatic scaling) is a form of homeostatic plasticity, in which the brain responds to chronically elevated activity in a neural circuit with negative feedback, allowing individual neurons to reduce their overall action potential firing rate.[1] Where Hebbian plasticity mechanisms modify neural synaptic connections selectively, synaptic scaling normalizes all neural synaptic connections[2] by decreasing the strength of each synapse by the same factor (multiplicative change), so that the relative synaptic weighting of each synapse is preserved.[1]
^Turrigiano, G. G.; Nelson, S. B. (2000). "Hebb and homeostasis in neuronal plasticity". Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 10 (3): 358–64. doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00091-x. PMID 10851171. S2CID 20462620.
In neuroscience, synapticscaling (or homeostatic scaling) is a form of homeostatic plasticity, in which the brain responds to chronically elevated activity...
regulatory forms of plasticity, called scaling and metaplasticity, also exist to provide negative feedback. Synapticscaling is a primary mechanism by which...
of activity for proper functioning. Homeostatic synaptic plasticity can be shown in synapticscaling, postsynaptic receptor expression, presynaptic alterations...
Synaptic plasticity refers to a chemical synapse's ability to undergo changes in strength. Synaptic plasticity is typically input-specific (i. e. homosynaptic...
In a neuron, synaptic vesicles (or neurotransmitter vesicles) store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse. The release is regulated...
Synaptic pruning, a phase in the development of the nervous system, is the process of synapse elimination that occurs between early childhood and the onset...
small space (the synaptic cleft) that is adjacent to another neuron. The neurotransmitters are contained within small sacs called synaptic vesicles, and...
found to influence synapticscaling, suggesting that this neurotrophic factor may be responsible for the coordination of synaptic and nonsynaptic mechanisms...
Abraham and M.F. Bear to refer to the plasticity of synaptic plasticity. Until that time synaptic plasticity had referred to the plastic nature of individual...
DNA methylation and demethylation appear to act as controllers of synapticscaling and glutamate receptor trafficking in learning and memory formation...
homeostatic plasticity, though there is still no clear molecular mechanism. Synapticscaling is one method that serves as a type of autoregulation, as neurons can...
described as 'the gist', and integrating this with existing memory. The 'synapticscaling' hypothesis suggests that sleep plays an important role in regulating...
Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A is a ubiquitous synaptic vesicle protein that in humans is encoded by the SV2A gene. The protein is targeted by the anti-epileptic...
neurotransmitters to be released at chemical synapses. A cell that receives a synaptic signal from a neuron may be excited, inhibited, or otherwise modulated...
average of synaptic updates equal to υcN2{\displaystyle \upsilon cN^{2}}. Therefore, spike-driven synaptic dynamics leads to a linear scaling of computational...
state of the synapse. During synaptic plasticity, the total size of the PSD is increasing along with an increase in synaptic size and strength after inducing...
synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft...
The first, synaptic consolidation, which is thought to correspond to late-phase long-term potentiation, occurs on a small scale in the synaptic connections...
possible role for the chemokine in the protective plasticity process of synapticscaling. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000006210 – Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38:...
electric signal from the presynaptic neuron to the target cell through the synaptic gap. Neurons are the main components of nervous tissue in all animals except...
and inhibition within a network (a balance that can be modulated by synapticscaling, for example), thus providing a means by which a network can actively...
thus a form of short-term synaptic plasticity. The mechanisms underlying neural facilitation are exclusively pre-synaptic; broadly speaking, PPF arises...
membrane. The NMDA receptor is thought to be very important for controlling synaptic plasticity and mediating learning and memory functions. The NMDA receptor...
Synaptic gating is the ability of neural circuits to gate inputs by either suppressing or facilitating specific synaptic activity. Selective inhibition...
potential is the final electrical step in the integration of synaptic messages at the scale of the neuron. Extracellular recordings of action potential...
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