In heterosynaptic plasticity, synaptic pathways that are not specifically stimulated undergo changes (synaptic plasticity) in addition to those who are specifically stimulated.
Synaptic plasticity refers to a chemical synapse's ability to undergo changes in strength.[1] Synaptic plasticity is typically input-specific (i. e. homosynaptic plasticity), meaning that the activity in a particular neuron alters the efficacy of a synaptic connection between that neuron and its target. However, in the case of heterosynaptic plasticity, the activity of a particular neuron leads to input unspecific changes in the strength of synaptic connections from other unactivated neurons.[2][3] A number of distinct forms of heterosynaptic plasticity have been found in a variety of brain regions and organisms. These different forms of heterosynaptic plasticity contribute to a variety of neural processes including associative learning, the development of neural circuits, and homeostasis of synaptic input.[4]
^Purves, D., Augustine, G.J., Fitzpatrick, D., Hall, W.C., LaMantia, A.S., White, L.E. (2012). Synaptic Plasticity. In Neuroscience (5th ed.) (pp. 163-182). Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates.
^Lynch, G.S., Dunwiddie, T., and Gribkoff, V. (1977). Heterosynaptic depression: a postsynaptic correlate of long-term potentiation. Nature 266, 737–739.
^Abraham, W.C., and Goddard, G.V. (1983). Asymmetric relationships between homosynaptic long-term potentiation and heterosynaptic long-term depression. Nature 305, 717–719.
^Bailey, C.H., Giustetto, M., Huang, Y.Y., Hawkins, R.D., Kandel, E.R. (2000) Is heterosynaptic modulation essential for stabilizing Hebbian plasticity and memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1:1, 11-20.
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