In genetics, shotgun sequencing is a method used for sequencing random DNA strands. It is named by analogy with the rapidly expanding, quasi-random shot grouping of a shotgun.
The chain-termination method of DNA sequencing ("Sanger sequencing") can only be used for short DNA strands of 100 to 1000 base pairs. Due to this size limit, longer sequences are subdivided into smaller fragments that can be sequenced separately, and these sequences are assembled to give the overall sequence.
In shotgun sequencing,[1][2] DNA is broken up randomly into numerous small segments, which are sequenced using the chain termination method to obtain reads. Multiple overlapping reads for the target DNA are obtained by performing several rounds of this fragmentation and sequencing. Computer programs then use the overlapping ends of different reads to assemble them into a continuous sequence.[1]
Shotgun sequencing was one of the precursor technologies that was responsible for enabling whole genome sequencing.
^ abStaden, R. (1979). "A strategy of DNA sequencing employing computer programs". Nucleic Acids Research. 6 (7): 2601–2610. doi:10.1093/nar/6.7.2601. PMC 327874. PMID 461197.
^Anderson, Stephen (1981). "Shotgun DNA sequencing using cloned DNase I-generated fragments". Nucleic Acids Research. 9 (13): 3015–3027. doi:10.1093/nar/9.13.3015. PMC 327328. PMID 6269069.
and 27 Related for: Shotgun sequencing information
In genetics, shotgunsequencing is a method used for sequencing random DNA strands. It is named by analogy with the rapidly expanding, quasi-random shot...
scale and detail than before. Recent studies use either "shotgun" or PCR directed sequencing to get largely unbiased samples of all genes from all the...
sequencing approaches fall into two broad categories, shotgun and high-throughput (or next-generation) sequencing. Shotgunsequencing is a sequencing...
published use of whole-genome shotgunsequencing, eliminating the need for initial mapping efforts. By 2001, shotgunsequencing methods had been used to produce...
directed sequencing, shotgunsequencing of DNA is a more rapid sequencing strategy. There is a technique from the "old time" of genome sequencing. The underlying...
Whole genome sequencing (WGS), also known as full genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is the process of determining...
for shotgunsequencing or the study of complete genes in functional analysis. One major use of genomic libraries is hierarchichal shotgunsequencing, which...
project. Celera used a technique called whole genome shotgunsequencing, employing pairwise end sequencing, which had been used to sequence bacterial genomes...
is derived from shotgunsequencing of DNA which is itself named after the rapidly expanding, quasi-random firing pattern of a shotgun. The most common...
Other than transcriptome shotgunsequencing, this technique has been called RNA-seq and whole transcriptome shotgunsequencing (WTSS). Once the cDNA fragments...
bisulfite sequencing was derived as a combination of this bisulfite treatment and next-generation sequencing technology, such as shotgunsequencing. The whole...
to be assembled to obtain complete gene or genome sequences. The shotgunsequencing technique (used by The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) to sequence...
technology used. Typically, the short fragments (reads) result from shotgunsequencing genomic DNA, or gene transcript (ESTs). The problem of sequence assembly...
gene-specific assay. Fetal cell-free DNA has been directly sequenced using shotgunsequencing technology. In one study, DNA was obtained from the blood plasma of...
"Uncovering Trophic Interactions in Arthropod Predators through DNA Shotgun-Sequencing of Gut Contents". PLOS ONE. 11 (9): e0161841. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1161841P...
response can surprisingly be much different. Sequencing technologies such as 16S rRNA shotgun metagenomic sequencing have facilitated the rapid expansion of...
faster and less laborious sequencing methods like whole genome shotgunsequencing and now more recently next-gen sequencing. repE for plasmid replication...
various sequencing technologies to achieve the task of assembling a genome from fragmented, sequenced DNA resulting from shotgunsequencing. Genome assembly...
recombination. Genome sequencing is sometimes mistakenly referred to as "genome mapping" by non-biologists. The process of shotgunsequencing resembles the process...
but this applies to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing as well and is a fundamental problem. With shotgunsequencing, it can be resolved by having a high coverage...
representation of the original chromosomes from which the DNA originated. In a shotgunsequencing project, all the DNA from a source (usually a single organism, anything...
genome was released. This version combined sequences gained from shotgunsequencing with the BAC-based sequence assemblies, which has helped to fill in...
from mycorrhiza samples). Despite shotgunsequencing methods becoming increasingly utilized in microbial sequencing, the low biomass of fungi in clinical...
available to the public from GenBank. Celera's approach, which used shotgunsequencing, spurred the public HGP to accelerate its effort and shift its projected...
genomics to transform healthcare radically. Venter believed that shotgunsequencing was the fastest and most effective way to get useful human genome...