RNA sequence directing the translation of UGA codons as selenocysteines
Selenocysteine insertion sequence 1
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SECIS_1. Letters correspond to the IUPAC notation system for nucleotides.
Identifiers
Symbol
SECIS_1
Alt. Symbols
SECIS
Rfam
RF00031
Other data
RNA type
Cis-reg
Domain(s)
Eukaryota
GO
GO:0001514
SO
SO:1001274
PDB structures
PDBe
In biology, the SECIS element (SECIS: selenocysteine insertion sequence) is an RNA element around 60 nucleotides in length that adopts a stem-loop structure.[1] This structural motif (pattern of nucleotides) directs the cell to translate UGA codons as selenocysteines (UGA is normally a stop codon). SECIS elements are thus a fundamental aspect of messenger RNAs encoding selenoproteins, proteins that include one or more selenocysteine residues.
In bacteria the SECIS element appears soon after the UGA codon it affects. In archaea and eukaryotes, it occurs in the 3' UTR of an mRNA, and can cause multiple UGA codons within the mRNA to code for selenocysteine. One archaeal SECIS element, in Methanococcus, is located in the 5' UTR.[2][3]
The SECIS element appears defined by sequence characteristics, i.e. particular nucleotides tend to be at particular positions in it, and a characteristic secondary structure. The secondary structure is the result of base-pairing of complementary RNA nucleotides, and causes a hairpin-like structure. The eukaryotic SECIS element includes non-canonical A-G base pairs, which are uncommon in nature, but are critically important for correct SECIS element function. Although the eukaryotic, archaeal and bacterial SECIS elements each share a general hairpin structure, they are not alignable, e.g. an alignment-based scheme to recognize eukaryotic SECIS elements will not be able to recognize archaeal SECIS elements. However, in Lokiarcheota, SECIS elements are more similar to eukaryotic elements.[4]
In bioinformatics, several computer programs have been created that search for SECIS elements within a genome sequence, based on the sequence and secondary structure characteristics of SECIS elements. These programs have been used in searches for novel selenoproteins.[5]
^Walczak R, Westhof E, Carbon P, Krol A (April 1996). "A novel RNA structural motif in the selenocysteine insertion element of eukaryotic selenoprotein mRNAs". RNA. 2 (4): 367–379. PMC 1369379. PMID 8634917.
^Wilting R, Schorling S, Persson BC, Böck A (March 1997). "Selenoprotein synthesis in archaea: identification of an mRNA element of Methanococcus jannaschii probably directing selenocysteine insertion". Journal of Molecular Biology. 266 (4): 637–641. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1996.0812. PMID 9102456.
^Rother M, Resch A, Wilting R, Böck A (2001). "Selenoprotein synthesis in archaea". BioFactors. 14 (1–4): 75–83. doi:10.1002/biof.5520140111. PMID 11568443.
^Mariotti, Marco; Lobanov, Alexei V.; Manta, Bruno; Santesmasses, Didac; Bofill, Andreu; Guigó, Roderic; Gabaldón, Toni; Gladyshev, Vadim N. (2016). "LokiarchaeotaMarks the Transition between the Archaeal and Eukaryotic Selenocysteine Encoding Systems". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 33 (9): 2441–2453. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw122. ISSN 0737-4038. PMC 4989117. PMID 27413050.
^Lambert A, Lescure A, Gautheret D (September 2002). "A survey of metazoan selenocysteine insertion sequences". Biochimie. 84 (9): 953–959. doi:10.1016/S0300-9084(02)01441-4. PMID 12458087.
In biology, the SECISelement (SECIS: selenocysteine insertion sequence) is an RNA element around 60 nucleotides in length that adopts a stem-loop structure...
selenocysteine into their proteins via a nucleotide sequence known as a SECISelement, which directs the cell to translate a nearby UGA codon as selenocysteine...
by the presence of a selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) in the mRNA. The SECISelement is defined by characteristic nucleotide sequences and secondary...
mechanism was worked out first in bacteria and then in mammals (see SECISelement). Native (i.e., elemental) selenium is a rare mineral, which does not...
regulating the mRNA. Some, such as the SECISelement, are targets for proteins to bind. One class of mRNA element, the riboswitches, directly bind small...
Selenocysteine is incorporated when the mRNA being translated includes a SECISelement, which causes the UGA codon to encode selenocysteine instead of a stop...
translation in methanogenic archaea. This would be analogous to the SECISelement for selenocysteine incorporation. However, the PYLIS model has lost...
of the UAG suppression, hence even its name is, in fact, incorrect. SECISelement Namy O, Rousset JP, Napthine S, Brierley I (2004). "Reprogrammed genetic...
action of an mRNA element called a sec insertion sequence (SECIS), a selenocysteine-specific translation elongation factor and a SECIS binding protein....
conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather...
conserved stem-loop structure called the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) causes for the insertion of selenocysteine instead. The 3′-untranslated...
Sec-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS), which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than...
Americas, Spain and Portugal Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) (observer) United Nations (UN) United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur...
Friends, Oxford University Press "Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI)" (PDF). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. 2003. Archived (PDF)...
UGA stop codon. In addition to the UGA-codon, a cis-acting element in the mRNA, called SECIS, binds SBP2 to recruit other proteins, such as eukaryotic...
PCA - Permanent Court of Arbitration PIF - Pacific Islands Forum (partner) SECI - Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (observer) UN - United Nations...
Studies in European Cinema, vol. 10, nos. 2–3, 2013, pp. 119–131. DOI: 10.1386/seci.10.2-3.119_1. "L'intrus: An Interview with Claire Denis" by Damon Smith (Senses...
competition i.e. the NRL or the Super League. Sisa Waqa (Nadera Panthers) Pio Seci (Nabua Broncos) Tikiko Noke (Lautoka Crushers) Vuate Karawalevu (Naitasiri...
otherwise /ks/. In the following initial consonant combinations, the first element is silent: ct-, gn-, mn-, pn-, ps-, pt-. These rules admit of no inconsistencies...
S, Max KE, et al. (July 2014). "Identification of the RNA recognition element of the RBPMS family of RNA-binding proteins and their transcriptome-wide...
poetry before it—was its mingling of the mystical Sufi element with a profane and even erotic element. Thus, the pairing of "the nightingale" and "the rose"...
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