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Protein synthesis inhibitor information


Simplified schematic of mRNA translation

A protein synthesis inhibitor is a compound that stops or slows the growth or proliferation of cells by disrupting the processes that lead directly to the generation of new proteins.[1]

A ribosome is a biological machine that utilizes protein dynamics on nanoscales to translate RNA into proteins

While a broad interpretation of this definition could be used to describe nearly any compound depending on concentration, in practice, it usually refers to compounds that act at the molecular level on translational machinery (either the ribosome itself or the translation factor),[2] taking advantages of the major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosome structures.[citation needed]

  1. ^ Frank Lowy. "Protein Synthesis Inhibitors" (PDF). Columbia University. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  2. ^ "7.344 Antibiotics, Toxins, and Protein Engineering, Spring 2007". MIT OpenCourseWare.

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Protein synthesis inhibitor

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Puromycin

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Puromycin is an antibiotic protein synthesis inhibitor which causes premature chain termination during translation. Puromycin is an aminonucleoside antibiotic...

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Protein kinase inhibitor

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A protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) is a type of enzyme inhibitor that blocks the action of one or more protein kinases. Protein kinases are enzymes that...

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Antibiotic

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derivative (protein synthesis inhibitor). FDA approved 25 June 2018. Eravacycline (TP-434): synthetic tetracycline derivative (protein synthesis inhibitor targeting...

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De novo protein synthesis theory of memory formation

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claim that memories can be made independent of protein synthesis. Originally, protein synthesis inhibitors (PSI) were only used as antibiotics. Through...

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Linezolid

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damage, which may be irreversible. As a protein synthesis inhibitor, linezolid works by suppressing bacterial protein production. This either stops growth...

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Parthenogenesis

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electrical stimulation. Treatment with cycloheximide, a non-specific protein synthesis inhibitor, enhances parthenote development in swine presumably by continual...

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Memory consolidation

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labile state, by means of immediate amygdala infusions of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, but not by infusions made six hours afterwards. It...

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Fusidic acid

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of treatment is completed. Fusidic acid acts as a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor by preventing the turnover of elongation factor G (EF-G) from...

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Emetine

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protein), and they exhibit cross-resistance to cryptopleurine, tylocrebrine, cephaeline and tubulosine, but not other inhibitors of protein synthesis...

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Clindamycin

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concentrations, it may be bactericidal. It is a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor by inhibiting ribosomal translocation, in a similar way to macrolides...

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List of antibiotics

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Certain cephalosporins, cephalosporin-beta-lactamase-inhibitor combinations, and new siderophore cephalosporins. Ceftazidime (3rd generation)...

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Anisomycin

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inhibits eukaryotic protein synthesis. Partial inhibition of DNA synthesis occurs at anisomycin concentrations that effect 95% inhibition of protein synthesis...

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Purine metabolism

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pharmacotherapeutic value. Purine synthesis inhibitors inhibit the proliferation of cells, especially leukocytes. These inhibitors include azathioprine, an immunosuppressant...

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Macrolide

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topically. Macrolides are protein synthesis inhibitors. The mechanism of action of macrolides is inhibition of bacterial protein biosynthesis, and they are...

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Protein

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certain archaea—pyrrolysine. Shortly after or even during synthesis, the residues in a protein are often chemically modified by post-translational modification...

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Diphtheria toxin

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disease in humans by gaining entry into the cell cytoplasm and inhibiting protein synthesis. Diphtheria toxin is a single polypeptide chain of 535 amino...

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Rolitetracycline

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rolitetracycline. Rolitetracycline is used as an antibacterial drug, a protein synthesis inhibitor, an antiprotozoal drug and a prodrug. "Rolitetracycline". PubChem...

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Streptomycin

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in people with myasthenia gravis. Streptomycin functions as a protein synthesis inhibitor. It binds to the small 16S rRNA of the 30S ribosomal subunit...

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Protein kinase B

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pathways, by inhibiting apoptotic processes. Akt1 is also able to induce protein synthesis pathways, and is therefore a key signaling protein in the cellular...

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Cycloheximide

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elongation. Cycloheximide is widely used in biomedical research to inhibit protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells studied in vitro (i.e. outside of organisms)...

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Immunosuppressive drug

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fluorouracil protein synthesis inhibitors. Methotrexate is a folic acid analogue. It binds dihydrofolate reductase and prevents synthesis of tetrahydrofolate...

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SGLT2 inhibitor

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SGLT2 inhibitors (also called gliflozins or flozins) are a class of medications that inhibit sodium-glucose transport proteins in the nephron (the functional...

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Aminoglycoside

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category of traditional Gram-negative antibacterial medications that inhibit protein synthesis and contain as a portion of the molecule an amino-modified glycoside...

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Protein metabolism

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Protein metabolism denotes the various biochemical processes responsible for the synthesis of proteins and amino acids (anabolism), and the breakdown of...

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Tenuazonic acid

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produced by Alternaria species. It is a powerful eukaryotic protein synthesis inhibitor. It is a tetrameric acid that is ubiquitous in biological environments...

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