MHC class III is a group of proteins belonging the class of major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Unlike other MHC types such as MHC class I and MHC class II, of which their structure and functions in immune response are well defined, MHC class III are poorly defined structurally and functionally. They are not involved in antigen binding (the process called antigen presentation, a classic function of MHC proteins). Only few of them are actually involved in immunity while many are signalling molecules in other cell communications. They are mainly known from their genes because their gene cluster is present between those of class I and class II.[1] The gene cluster was discovered when genes (specifically those of complement components C2, C4, and factor B) were found in between class I and class II genes on the short (p) arm of human chromosome 6. It was later found that it contains many genes for different signalling molecules such as tumour necrosis factors (TNFs) and heat shock proteins. More than 60 MHC class III genes are described, which is about 28% of the total MHC genes (224).[2] The region previously considered within MHC class III gene cluster that contains genes for TNFs is now known as MHC class IV[3] or inflammatory region.[4]
In contrast to other MHC proteins, MHC class III proteins are produced by liver cells (hepatocytes) and special white blood cells (macrophages), among others.
^Gruen, JR; Weissman, SM (2001). "Human MHC class III and IV genes and disease associations". Frontiers in Bioscience. 6 (3): D960-172. doi:10.2741/A658. PMID 11487469.
^The MHC sequencing consortium (1999). "Complete sequence and gene map of a human major histocompatibility complex". Nature. 401 (6756): 921–923. Bibcode:1999Natur.401..921T. doi:10.1038/44853. PMID 10553908. S2CID 186243515.
^Gruen JR, Weissman SM. Human MHC class III and IV genes and disease associations. Front Biosci. 2001 Aug 1;6:D960-72. doi: 10.2741/gruen. PMID: 11487469.
^Deakin, Janine E; Papenfuss, Anthony T; Belov, Katherine; Cross, Joseph GR; Coggill, Penny; Palmer, Sophie; Sims, Sarah; Speed, Terence P; Beck, Stephan; Graves, Jennifer (2006). "Evolution and comparative analysis of the MHC Class III inflammatory region". BMC Genomics. 7 (1): 281. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-7-281. PMC 1654159. PMID 17081307.
subgroups: MHCclass I, MHCclass II, and MHCclassIII. Among all those genes present in MHC, there are two types of genes coding for the proteins MHCclass I...
6p21.3, a cluster located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classIII region. CNVs are segments of DNA that vary in copy number compared to...
difficult, but the technology involved is improving. HLAs corresponding to MHCclassIII encode components of the complement system. HLAs have other roles. They...
superfamily and is located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classIII region. The protein encoded by this gene is a glycosylated, plasma membrane-bound...
predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHCclassIII region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0...
gene. This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classIII region on chromosome 6. The function of its protein product is unknown...
type III (FNIII) module, and a fibrinogen (FBG)-like globular domain. The TNXB gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHCclassIII) region...
proliferation. This gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHCclassIII) region on chromosome 6. This cluster includes several genes involved...
antigen-6 (LY6) genes located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classIII region on chromosome 6. Members of the LY6 superfamily typically contain...
histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes are important in the immune response. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II is found on antigen-presenting...
2001). "Novel NG36/G9a gene products encoded within the human and mouse MHCclassIII regions". Mammalian Genome. 12 (12): 916–24. doi:10.1007/s00335-001-3029-3...
localizes to the RCCX locus within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classIII region on chromosome 6. Varying haplotypes of this gene cluster exist...
predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHCclassIII region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0...
histocompatibility class I molecule, Major histocompatibility class II molecule and other proteins involved in the function of complement system (MHCclassIII). The...
activation and massive cytokine release. Superantigens act by binding to the MHC proteins on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and to the TCRs on their adjacent...
predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHCclassIII region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0...
predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHCclassIII region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0...
predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHCclassIII region". Genomics. 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0...
predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHCclassIII region". Genomics. 83 (1). United States: 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0...
Global Information