This article needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Leukocytosis" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(November 2021)
Medical condition
Leukocytosis
Specialty
Infectious disease, pathology
Leukocytosis is a condition in which the white cell (leukocyte) count is above the normal range in the blood.[1][2] It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response,[3] most commonly the result of infection, but may also occur following certain parasitic infections or bone tumors as well as leukemia. It may also occur after strenuous exercise, convulsions such as epilepsy, emotional stress, pregnancy and labor, anesthesia, as a side effect of medication (e.g., lithium), and epinephrine administration.[1] There are five principal types of leukocytosis:[4]
Neutrophilia (the most common form)[5]
Lymphocytosis
Monocytosis
Eosinophilia
Basophilia
This increase in leukocyte (primarily neutrophils) is usually accompanied by a "left upper shift" in the ratio of immature to mature neutrophils and macrophages. The proportion of immature leukocytes increases due to proliferation and inhibition of granulocyte and monocyte precursors in the bone marrow which is stimulated by several products of inflammation including C3a and G-CSF.
Although it may indicate illness, leukocytosis is considered a laboratory finding instead of a separate disease. This classification is similar to that of fever, which is also a test result instead of a disease.[citation needed]"Right shift" in the ratio of immature to mature neutrophils is considered with reduced count or lack of "young neutrophils" (metamyelocytes, and band neutrophils) in blood smear, associated with the presence of "giant neutrophils". This fact shows suppression of bone marrow activity, as a hematological sign specific for pernicious anemia and radiation sickness.[6]
A leukocyte count above 25 to 30 × 109/L is termed a leukemoid reaction, which is the reaction of a healthy bone marrow to extreme stress, trauma, or infection. It is different from leukemia and from leukoerythroblastosis, in which either immature white blood cells (acute leukemia) or mature, yet non-functional, white blood cells (chronic leukemia) are present in peripheral blood. [citation needed]
^ abRogers, Kara, ed. (2011), "Leukocytosis definition", Blood: Physiology and Circulation, Chicago: Britannica Educational Publishing, p. 198, ISBN 978-1-61530-250-5, retrieved 12 November 2011
^TheFreeDictionary > Leukocytosis Citing: Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine, 2008 and The American Heritage Medical Dictionary, 2007
^Porth, Carol Mattson (2011), "White blood cell response", Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States (3rd ed.), Philadelphia: Wolters Klower Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 64–65, ISBN 978-1-58255-724-3, retrieved 13 November 2011
^Zorc, Joseph J, ed. (2009), "Leukocytosis", Schwartz's Clinical Handbook of Pediatrics (4th ed.), Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, p. 559, ISBN 978-0-7817-7013-2, retrieved 12 November 2011
^Schwartz, M. William, ed. (2003), "Leukocytosis", The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult (3rd ed.), Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, p. 54, ISBN 0-7817-3539-4, retrieved 12 November 2011
^Lutan, Vasile. Fiziopatologie medicală. Vol. 2, 31.3.2.1. Leucocitozele; "Cartea electronică: Lutan, Vasile. Fiziopatologie medicală. Vol. 2". Archived from the original on 2012-03-27. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
blood. [citation needed] Leukocytosis can be subcategorized by the type of white blood cell that is increased in number. Leukocytosis in which neutrophils...
Neutrophilia (also called neutrophil leukocytosis or occasionally neutrocytosis) is leukocytosis of neutrophils, that is, a high number of neutrophils...
with leukemia's but multiple other factors may cause leukocytosis. Major types of leukocytosis and their mechanisms depend on the types of leukemia that...
A head injury is any injury that results in trauma to the skull or brain. The terms traumatic brain injury and head injury are often used interchangeably...
in the right iliac fossa Rebound tenderness Fever of 37.3 °C or more Leukocytosis, or more than 10,000 white blood cells per microliter in the serum Neutrophilia...
increase in the number of leukocytes over the upper limits is called leukocytosis. It is normal when it is part of healthy immune responses, which happen...
cerebrospinal fluid. Increased white blood cell count in the blood is called leukocytosis. TheFreeDictionary > pleocytosis Citing: The American Heritage Medical...
be obtained, and may warrant surgery without further investigations. Leukocytosis, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, and acidosis may be present, but they are...
-Cytosis is a suffix that either refers to certain aspects of cells ie cellular process or phenomenon or sometimes refers to predominance of certain type...
prostatitis (none) No No Yes No history of genitourinary pain complaints, but leukocytosis is noted, usually during evaluation for other conditions. Between 6 and...
refers to the combination of neutrophilia, eosinophilia, and basophilia. Leukocytosis refers to an increase in the number of all white blood cells.[citation...
progresses, however, the look can tend to lobar pneumonia. Absence of leukocytosis.[citation needed] Extrapulmonary symptoms, related to the causing organism...
(incidence of ~10%) As a paraneoplastic phenomenon (rare) Conventionally, a leukocytosis exceeding 50,000 WBC/mm3 with a significant increase in early neutrophil...
has boxed warnings concerning the risks of retinoic acid syndrome and leukocytosis. Other significant side effects include a risk of thrombosis, benign...
commonly used in blood disorders to imply cell proliferation (such as in "leukocytosis"), while "-penia" to imply reduced cell numbers (as in "leukopenia");...
having too few white blood cells is leukopenia, while having too many is leukocytosis. There are individual terms for the lack or overabundance of specific...
Inflammation often affects the numbers of leukocytes present in the body: Leukocytosis is often seen during inflammation induced by infection, where it results...
such as polycythemia (a highly elevated red blood cell count) or severe leukocytosis (a highly elevated white blood cell count, which interferes with red...
greater than grade 1. Anemia, splenomegaly, LDH above the upper limits and leukocytosis are minor criteria. Like pre-PMF, overt primary myelofibrosis is associated...
Heart (hypersensitivity reaction) 2-15% generally not life-threatening Leukocytosis up to 100% due to eosinophilia and/or lymphocytosis Heart (necrotizing...
may also be associated with complications, such as hypoglycemia and leukocytosis in newborns exposed in utero.[original research?] When injected into...
in the Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, entitled "Mononuclear leukocytosis in reaction to acute infection (infectious mononucleosis)". A lab test...
urinary uric acid Increased urinary calcium and hypocalcemia Alkalosis Leukocytosis Excessive glucocorticoid levels resulting from administration as a drug...
Global Information
