Lesional demyelinations of the central nervous system information
Dawson's Fingers appearing on an MRI scan
Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) produce lesions (demyelinated areas in the CNS) and glial scars or scleroses. They present different shapes and histological findings according to the underlying condition that produces them.
Demyelinating diseases are traditionally classified in two kinds: demyelinating myelinoclastic diseases and demyelinating leukodystrophic diseases. In the first group a normal and healthy myelin is destroyed by a toxic, chemical or autoimmune substance. In the second group, myelin is abnormal and degenerates.[1] The second group was denominated dysmyelinating diseases by Poser[2] Therefore, since Poser demyelinating diseases normally refers to the myelinoclastic part.
Demyelinating diseases of the CNS can be classified according to their pathogenesis into five non-exclusing categories: demyelination due to inflammatory processes, viral demyelination, demyelination caused by acquired metabolic derangements, hypoxic–ischaemic forms of demyelination and demyelination caused by focal compression.[3]
^Fernández O.; Fernández V.E.; Guerrero M. (2015). "Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system". Medicine. 11 (77): 4601–4609. doi:10.1016/j.med.2015.04.001.
^Poser C. M. (1961). "Leukodystrophy and the Concept of Dysmyelination". Arch Neurol. 4 (3): 323–332. doi:10.1001/archneur.1961.00450090089013. PMID 13737358.
sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases ofthecentralnervoussystem (CNS) produce lesions (demyelinated areas in the CNS) and glial scars or scleroses. They...
the optic nerve or spinal cord. Many are idiopathic. Both myelinoclastic and leukodystrophic modes of disease may result in lesionaldemyelinations of...
disease ofthecentralnervoussystem, caused by an autoimmune attack resulting in the progressive loss of myelin sheath on neuronal axons. The resultant...
plaques or lesions) that develop on the white matter ofthe brain and spinal cord. As MS lesions can affect any part ofthecentralnervoussystem, a person...
autoimmune disease ofthe peripheral nervoussystem characterized by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function in the legs and arms. The disorder is...
original description, demyelination in other areas ofthecentralnervoussystem associated with osmotic stress has been described outside the pons (extrapontine)...
While is some debate about the role ofcentralnervoussystem sensitization in painful entrapment neuropathies, the success of peripheral nerve blocks suggests...
as the lack of T cells and B cells in VWM. Finally, patients with MS have widespread demyelination, but those with VWM only express demyelination in a...
examining the incidence of malignant centralnervoussystem (CNS) tumors have shown some variation with national origin. Since some high-grade lesions arise...
dysfunction ofthe autonomic nervoussystem at the level ofthelesion or below, are noted. Therefore, the signs and symptoms depend on the area ofthe spine...
(anti-AQP4), the most abundant water channel protein in thecentralnervoussystem. Less common diseases with other manifestations are also part ofthe NMOSD...
activated immune cells invade thecentralnervoussystem and cause inflammation, neurodegeneration, and tissue damage. The underlying cause is currently...
to study viruses capable of infecting the nervoussystem. In addition to this, the field studies the use of viruses to trace neuroanatomical pathways...
that indicates dysfunction of parts ofthenervoussystem that coordinate movement, such as the cerebellum. These nervoussystem dysfunctions occur in several...
into the brain tissue by working in concert with other components ofthecentralnervoussystem (CNS) such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The perivascular...
why the immune system attacks itself. Especially, for the immune system to cause inflammatory response anywhere in thecentralnervoussystem, the cells...
cells, they act as the first and main form of active immune defense in thecentralnervoussystem (CNS). Microglia originate in the yolk sac under a tightly...
(EAE), is an animal model of brain inflammation. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disease ofthecentralnervoussystem (CNS). It is mostly used with...
subtype of glia in thecentralnervoussystem named for their essential role as precursors to oligodendrocytes. They are typically identified in the human...
labored breathing, loss of appetite, and weight loss. If neurological signs develop, incontinence may ensue. Centralnervoussystem signs include a localized...
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