This article is about a disease affecting mammals generally in the order Carnivora. For other diseases known as "distemper", see Distemper.
Morbillivirus canis
Canine distemper virus cytoplasmic inclusion body (blood smear, Wright's stain)
Virus classification
(unranked):
Virus
Realm:
Riboviria
Kingdom:
Orthornavirae
Phylum:
Negarnaviricota
Class:
Monjiviricetes
Order:
Mononegavirales
Family:
Paramyxoviridae
Genus:
Morbillivirus
Species:
Morbillivirus canis
Synonyms[1]
Canine distemper virus
Canine distemper virus (CDV) (sometimes termed "footpad disease") is a viral disease that affects a wide variety of mammal families,[2] including domestic and wild species of dogs, coyotes, foxes, pandas, wolves, ferrets, skunks, raccoons, and felines, as well as pinnipeds, some primates, and a variety of other species. CDV does not affect humans.
In canines, CDV affects several body systems, including the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, the spinal cord, and the brain. Common symptoms include high fever, eye inflammation and eye/nose discharge, labored breathing and coughing, vomiting and diarrhea, loss of appetite and lethargy, and hardening of the nose and footpads. The viral infection can be accompanied by secondary bacterial infections and can eventually present serious neurological symptoms.
Canine distemper is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus of the family Paramyxoviridae (the same family of viruses that causes measles, mumps, and bronchiolitis in humans). The disease is highly contagious via inhalation.[3] Morbidity and mortality may vary greatly among animal species, with up to 100% mortality in unvaccinated populations of ferrets. In domestic dogs, while the acute generalized form of distemper has a high mortality rate, disease duration and severity depend mainly on the animal's age, immune status, and the virulence of the infecting strain of the virus.[3][4] Despite extensive vaccination in many regions, it remains a major disease in dogs and was the leading cause of infectious disease death in dogs prior to a vaccine becoming available.[5]
^"ICTV Taxonomy history: Canine morbillivirus". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 15 January 2019.
^"canine distemper – Invasive Species Compendium – CABI".
^ abDeem, Sharon L.; Spelman, Lucy H.; Yates, Rebecca A.; Montali, Richard J. (December 2000). "Canine Distemper in Terrestrial Carnivores: A Review" (PDF). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 31 (4): 441–451. doi:10.1638/1042-7260(2000)031[0441:CDITCA]2.0.CO;2. PMID 11428391. S2CID 12596794. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-05-17. Retrieved 2017-12-05.
^Andreas, Beineke; Baumgärtner, Wolfgang; Wohlsein, Peter (13 September 2015). "Cross-species transmission of canine distemper virus – an update". One Health. 1: 49–59. doi:10.1016/j.onehlt.2015.09.002. PMC 5462633. PMID 28616465.
^"Animal Health" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-11-07. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
Caninedistemper virus (CDV) (sometimes termed "footpad disease") is a viral disease that affects a wide variety of mammal families, including domestic...
forming the abbreviation: D for caninedistemper, A2 for canine adenovirus type 2, which offers cross-protection to canine adenovirus type 1 (the more pathogenic...
Look up distemper in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Distemper may refer to: A viral infection Caninedistemper, a disease of dogs Feline distemper, a disease...
bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza infections, without complications from caninedistemper virus (CDV) or canine mastadenovirus A (formerly canine adenovirus-1)...
Despite long being revered in Japan, the introduction of rabies and caninedistemper to Japan led to the decimation of the population, and policies enacted...
3390/v11040308. PMC 6520740. PMID 30934948. Lobetti, Remo (2003). "Canine Parvovirus and Distemper". Proceedings of the 28th World Congress of the World Small...
COVID-19, Leishmania, the protozoan that causes leishmaniasis, and caninedistemper-causing Morbillivirus, contracting the last disease from a maned wolf...
caninedistemper virus found in the brain tissue of a seal that died in 1997 and showed no morbillivirus lesions. This suggests persistence of canine...
The rinderpest virus (RPV) is closely related to the measles and caninedistemper viruses. The measles virus possibly emerged from rinderpest as a zoonotic...
animals, they include acute febrile respiratory tract infection and Caninedistemper. In 2013, a wave of increased death among the Common bottlenose dolphin...
of its symptoms is also found in dogs that have caninedistemper disease (CD) caused by caninedistemper virus (CDV).[citation needed] Auditory processing...
powder and buried under large, thick basalt blocks. The dog had died of caninedistemper. Earlier remains dating back to 30,000 years ago have been described...
worse in puppies. Caninedistemper is an often fatal infectious disease that mainly has respiratory and neurological signs. Canine influenza is a newly...
Catalina Island foxes from caninedistemper. After several years of carefully trapping the foxes and vaccinating them against distemper and rabies, their population...
the oldest female 13 years. Captive fennec foxes are susceptible to caninedistemper virus, displaying fever, mucopurulent ocular discharge, diarrhea, severe...
increased vitamin (other than C) and mineral uptake, and infection with caninedistemper virus(CDV). Decreased Vitamin C uptake has been dismissed as a cause...
between January and April from a combination of tick-borne disease and caninedistemper. The lion population is also influenced to some extent by the takeover...
range of diseases in other animal species, for example caninedistemper virus (dogs), phocine distemper virus (seals), cetacean morbillivirus (dolphins and...
Physaloptera preputialis, Dirofilaria ursi and Uiteinarta species in Siberia. Caninedistemper is known to occur in Siberian tigers. A morbillivirus infection was...
were found dead in October 2018. Four of them had died because of caninedistemper virus, the same virus that had also killed several lions in the Serengeti...
closely related to each other than to the closest caninedistemper virus in dogs. Evidence of caninedistemper in spotted hyenas has also been recorded in the...
T cells) that then induce the infected cell to undergo apoptosis. Caninedistemper virus (CDV) is known to cause apoptosis in central nervous system and...
seal's immune system, making them susceptible to diseases such as caninedistemper and the plague, which was the cause of a serious Baikal seal epidemic...
the dog remains suggests that it had died young after suffering from caninedistemper between ages 19 and 23 weeks. The dog could not have survived during...
shot which protects against: CDV (caninedistemper), CAV-2 (canine hepatitis virus or adenovirus-2) and CPV-2 (canine parvovirus). This combination vaccine...
outbreak in 2001 killed six lions. Captive lions have been infected with caninedistemper virus (CDV) since at least the mid-1970s. CDV is spread by domestic...
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