Subtype of glial cell in the central nervous system
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell
Details
System
Central nervous system
Location
Brain, spinal cord
Identifiers
Acronym(s)
OPC
MeSH
D000073637
TH
H2.00.06.2.01007
Anatomical terms of microanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells, NG2-glia, O2A cells, or polydendrocytes, are a subtype of glia in the central nervous system named for their essential role as precursors to oligodendrocytes.[1] They are typically identified in the human by co-expression of PDGFRA and CSPG4.
OPCs play a critical role in developmental and adult myelinogenesis. They give rise to oligodendrocytes, which then wrap around axons and provide electrical insulation by forming a myelin sheath. This enables faster action potential propagation and high fidelity transmission without a need for an increase in axonal diameter.[2] The loss or lack of OPCs, and consequent lack of differentiated oligodendrocytes, is associated with a loss of myelination and subsequent impairment of neurological functions.[3] In addition, OPCs express receptors for various neurotransmitters and undergo membrane depolarization when they receive synaptic inputs from neurons.
^Nishiyama A, Komitova M, Suzuki R, Zhu X (January 2009). "Polydendrocytes (NG2 cells): multifunctional cells with lineage plasticity". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 10 (1): 9–22. doi:10.1038/nrn2495. PMID 19096367. S2CID 15264205.
^Swiss VA, Nguyen T, Dugas J, Ibrahim A, Barres B, Androulakis IP, Casaccia P (April 2011). Feng Y (ed.). "Identification of a gene regulatory network necessary for the initiation of oligodendrocyte differentiation". PLOS ONE. 6 (4): e18088. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...618088S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018088. PMC 3072388. PMID 21490970.
^Buller B, Chopp M, Ueno Y, Zhang L, Zhang RL, Morris D, Zhang Y, Zhang ZG (December 2012). "Regulation of serum response factor by miRNA-200 and miRNA-9 modulates oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation". Glia. 60 (12): 1906–14. doi:10.1002/glia.22406. PMC 3474880. PMID 22907787.
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Oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs), also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells, NG2-glia, O2A cells, or polydendrocytes, are a subtype of glia...
Oligodendrocytes (from Greek 'cells with a few branches'), also known as oligodendroglia, are a type of neuroglia whose main functions are to provide...
In cell biology, precursor cells—also called blast cells—are partially differentiated, or intermediate, and are sometimes referred to as progenitor cells...
AST-OPC1 is a population of cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) that contains oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs). OPCs and their mature...
glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia, and in the peripheral nervous system they include Schwann cells and satellite...
precursor cells (GRP), but not from the bipotential O2A/OPC (oligodendrocyte, type 2 astrocyte precursor, also called Oligodendrocyteprogenitorcell) cells. Type...
rise to oligodendrocytes, through the generation of oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs), and OPCs can be generated from radial glial cells in vitro...
myelination or myelinogenesis. In the CNS, oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs) differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes, which form myelin. In humans, myelination...
from progenitorcells, which cannot divide indefinitely, and precursor or blast cells, which are usually committed to differentiating into one cell type...
Neuroepithelial cells are the stem cells of the central nervous system, known as neural stem cells, and generate the intermediate progenitorcells known as radial...
et al. (May 2019). "Senolytic therapy alleviates Aβ-associated oligodendrocyteprogenitorcell senescence and cognitive deficits in an Alzheimer's disease...
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitorcells that generate the neurons and glia...
guidance and regeneration. NG2-positive cells include oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs) and other progenitorcell populations, such as chondroblasts...
expressed by human malignant melanoma cells. CSPG4/NG2 is also a hallmark protein of oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs) and OPC dysfunction has been...
studies suggest that astrocytes, oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells, and neural stem cells could all serve as the cell of origin. GBMs usually form in the...
involve direct use of stem cells however, as GRNOPC1 is composed of oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells derived from embryonic stem cell lines. Studies have shown...
section 506(g)(8) of the FD&C Act to include cell therapies, therapeutic tissue engineering, human cell and tissue products. Under the FDA's interpretation...
axons. The sheaths are formed by glial cells: oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. The sheath...
characterization of a multipotential neural cell line that can conditionally generate neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in vitro". Journal of Neuroscience...
induce the formation of neural progenitorcells which give rise to neurons and glial cells, including oligodendrocytes, in vivo. A well established method...
re-myelination of neurons, as they are a physical impediment to oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells (OPCs). The neuroimmune system is essential for increasing...
Drosophila, neuroblasts are neural progenitorcells which divide asymmetrically to produce a neuroblast, and a daughter cell of varying potency depending on...
specific marker of glial cells. Other than into neurons and astrocytes, P19 cells can also differentiate to oligodendrocytes, which can be detected using...
progenitors and promoting neuronal differentiation. OLIG2 then switches to promoting the formation of oligodendrocyte precursors and oligodendrocyte differentiation...
CPI-203 CPI-0610 olinone, e.g. to affect the differentiation of oligodendrocyteprogenitorcells.: 4.1 RVX-208 ABBV-744 LY294002 (some PI3K and BRD2, BRD3...
adult human body is estimated to contain about 30 trillion (3×1013) human cells, with the number varying between 20 to 40 trillion depending on factors...
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