Glial tumor is a general term for numerous tumors of the central nervous system, including astrocytomas, ependymal tumors, Oligodendroglioma , and primitive neuroectodermal tumors. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies tumors into different categories according to severity and recurrence.[1]The first tumor classified as grade I is called pilocytic astrocytoma and it is most commonly observed in children rather than adults.[2] The next tumor is never common in the Dns called diffuse astrocytoma and it is considered a grade II, they are benign, or noncancerous, but can become malignant, meaning cancerous, as the tumor progresses.[3][2] Grades III and grade IV are considered malignant astrocytomas. Anaplastic astrocytomas are considered by the WHO to be a grade III astrocytoma and Glioblastoma is a grade IV both are referred to high-grade glial tumors.[2]
Ependymal tumors are another glial tumor type of the central nervous system. These are tumors which have cells which resemble the ependymal cells of the ventricles within the brain and the spinal cord.[4] These too are classified into different categories according to their severity of aggression. Least aggressive ependymal tumors include Subependymomas and Myxopapillary ependymoma which are classified as grade I. The most severe are classified as grade III and are called anaplastic ependymomas and these usually occur at the base of the spine.[5]
Oligodendroglioma is another type of glial tumor. They are rare. They normally appear in the white matter of the cerebrum. Although the causes are not known, there are other studies which suggest the deletion of 1p/19q deletion is imperative for chemotherapy treatment.[6] Oligodendroglioma are very different histologically, from brain tissue due to their sharp borders and their distinctive "fried egg" characteristic.[6]
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Glialtumor is a general term for numerous tumors of the central nervous system, including astrocytomas, ependymal tumors, Oligodendroglioma , and primitive...
most invasive type of glialtumor, as they grow rapidly and spread to nearby tissue. Treatment may be complicated, because one tumor cell type may die off...
(29%). Intracranially, NF-1 patients have a predisposition to develop glialtumors of the central nervous system, primarily optic nerve gliomas and associated...
common brain tumor types in children (0–14) are: pilocytic astrocytoma, malignant glioma, medulloblastoma, neuronal and mixed neuronal-glialtumors, and ependymoma...
Astroblastoma is a rare glialtumor derived from the astroblast, a type of cell that closely resembles spongioblastoma and astrocytes. Astroblastoma cells...
in glial neoplasms, also known as glioma, which is a type of tumor that occurs in the brain and spinal cord. Usually, gliomas begin in the glial cells...
glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or the spine. Gliomas comprise about 30 percent of all brain tumors and central nervous...
Oligodendroglial tumors manifest in glial cells, which are responsible for supporting and protecting nerve cells in the brain. The tumor develops over oligodendrocytes...
A tumor marker is a biomarker that can be used to indicate the presence of cancer or the behavior of cancers (measure progression or response to therapy)...
the brain or from a glial precursor cell. They occur primarily in adults (9.4% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors) but are also found...
isolated and characterized from adult human brain gliomas. Human cortical glialtumors contain neural stem-like cells expressing astroglial and neuronal markers...
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a protein that is encoded by the GFAP gene in humans. It is a type III intermediate filament (IF) protein that...
and neural glial cell components. Gangliogliomas are generally benign WHO grade I tumors; the presence of anaplastic changes in the glial component is...
Satellite glial cells, formerly called amphicytes, are glial cells that cover the surface of neuron cell bodies in ganglia of the peripheral nervous system...
brain tumor. Most commonly found in the temporal lobe, DNTs have been classified as benign tumours. These are glioneuronal tumours comprising both glial and...
Nagashima K, Sawa H (Apr 2006). "A novel function of OLIG2 to suppress human glialtumor cell growth via p27Kip1 transactivation". Journal of Cell Science. 119...
deep-seated, generally high-grade glial neoplasms that form in the thalamus, representing 1–5% of all pediatric brain tumors. Because of their difficult to...
the process of tumor development. Particularly, PANX2 expression levels predict post diagnosis survival for patients with glialtumors. Probenecid, a...
Oligoastrocytomas are a subset of brain tumors that present with an appearance of mixed glial cell origin, astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. However...
in the brain that is made up of the two types of brain cell, neurons and glial cells. It is also known to contain collagen proteins. Damage or trauma to...
Bailey and Harvey Cushing, based on the idea that the tumor originates from primitive precursors of glial cells (glioblasts), and the highly variable appearance...
Astrocytoma is a type of brain tumor. Astrocytomas (also astrocytomata) originate from a specific kind of star-shaped glial cell in the cerebrum called an...
Pituicytes are glial cells of the posterior pituitary. Their main role is to assist in the storage and release of neurohypophysial hormones. Pituicytes...
Gliosis is a nonspecific reactive change of glial cells in response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS). In most cases, gliosis involves the...
When the same type of tumor is found in the adrenal gland, they are referred to as a pheochromocytoma. They are rare tumors, with an overall estimated...
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