A DNA virus is a virus that has a genome made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is replicated by a DNA polymerase. They can be divided between those that have two strands of DNA in their genome, called double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, and those that have one strand of DNA in their genome, called single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses. dsDNA viruses primarily belong to two realms: Duplodnaviria and Varidnaviria, and ssDNA viruses are almost exclusively assigned to the realm Monodnaviria, which also includes some dsDNA viruses. Additionally, many DNA viruses are unassigned to higher taxa. Reverse transcribing viruses, which have a DNA genome that is replicated through an RNA intermediate by a reverse transcriptase, are classified into the kingdom Pararnavirae in the realm Riboviria.
DNA viruses are ubiquitous worldwide, especially in marine environments where they form an important part of marine ecosystems, and infect both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They appear to have multiple origins, as viruses in Monodnaviria appear to have emerged from archaeal and bacterial plasmids on multiple occasions, though the origins of Duplodnaviria and Varidnaviria are less clear.
Prominent disease-causing DNA viruses include herpesviruses, papillomaviruses, and poxviruses.
A DNAvirus is a virus that has a genome made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is replicated by a DNA polymerase. They can be divided between those...
genetic material, i.e., long molecules of DNA or RNA that encode the structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid,...
Human papillomavirus infection (HPV infection) is caused by a DNAvirus from the Papillomaviridae family. Many HPV infections cause no symptoms and 90%...
virus origin. With the letters "RNA" removed, it now refers to any virus with a DNA or RNA genome causing cancer and is synonymous with "tumor virus"...
herpes viruses all share some common properties. The structure of herpes viruses consists of a relatively large, double-stranded, linear DNA genome encased...
realm: All viruses in Adnaviria are dsDNAviruses. Viruses in this realm infect archaea. All viruses in Duplodnaviria are dsDNAviruses. Viruses in this...
classification system. This category excludes Group VI, viruses with RNA genetic material but which use DNA intermediates in their life cycle: these are called...
classify DNAviruses. The domains Duplodnaviria and Varidnaviria consist of double-stranded DNAviruses; other double-stranded DNAviruses are incertae...
Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is a species of DNA poxvirus that causes the human skin infection molluscum contagiosum. Molluscum contagiosum affects...
(approximately 100 nm) layer of filamentous protein fibers. The viruses have large, double-stranded DNA genomes (300 to >1000 kilobasepairs) that encode a large...
Escherichia virus T4 is a species of bacteriophages that infect Escherichia coli bacteria. It is a double-stranded DNAvirus in the subfamily Tevenvirinae...
monkeypox virus (MPV, MPXV, or hMPXV), is a species of double-stranded DNAvirus that causes mpox disease in humans and other mammals. The monkeypox virus is...
A retrovirus is a type of virus that inserts a DNA copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that...
Nucleocytoviricota is a phylum of viruses. Members of the phylum are also known as the nucleocytoplasmic large DNAviruses (NCLDV), which serves as the basis...
double-stranded DNAviruses: Hepadnaviridae. These viruses are enveloped. One family of single-stranded DNAviruses infects humans: Parvoviridae. These viruses are...
vacuolating virus 40 or simian virus 40, a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans. Like other polyomaviruses, SV40 is a DNAvirus that sometimes...
zoster virus (VZV), also known as human herpesvirus 3 (HHV-3, HHV3) or Human alphaherpesvirus 3 (taxonomically), is one of nine known herpes viruses that...
the form of either DNA or RNA) surrounded by a capsid (a protein coat protecting the genetic material). The shapes of these virus particles range from...
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The last naturally...
the virus continues infecting new hosts. Replication between viruses is greatly varied and depends on the type of genes involved in them. Most DNA viruses...
fever virus (ASFV) is a large, double-stranded DNAvirus in the Asfarviridae family. It is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF). The virus causes...
Monodnaviria is a realm of viruses that includes all single-stranded DNAviruses that encode an endonuclease of the HUH superfamily that initiates rolling...
can change depending on the type of virus (e.g., double stranded DNA, double stranded RNA, single strand DNA), viruses overall have high chances for mutations...
is the first DNA vaccine approved for humans. Conventional vaccines contain either specific antigens from a pathogen, or attenuated viruses which stimulate...
Parvoviridae family of small DNAviruses. Human parvovirus B19 is a non-enveloped, icosahedral virus that contains a single-stranded linear DNA genome of approximately...
Dinodnavirus is a genus of viruses that infect dinoflagellates. This genus belongs to the clade of nucleocytoplasmic large DNAviruses. The only species in...
bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a single-stranded DNAvirus called the banana bunchy top virus (BBTV). It was first identified in Fiji in 1879, and...
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a DNAvirus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae. TYLCV causes the most destructive disease...
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