Gurvits syndrome, black esophagus, acute necrotizing esophagitis,[1] esophageal infarction
Areas represented in image (distals) are most common locations for acute esophageal necrosis to occur. AEN defines itself predominantly in the first of three distals of the esophagus.[2]
Specialty
Gastroenterology
Risk factors
Cancer, hypertension, chronic lung disease, kidney failure, malnutrition, alcohol use disorder, recreational drug use
Diagnostic method
Upper endoscopy (EGD)
Treatment
Varies
Deaths
Mortality rate 30–50%
Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), black esophagus, or Gurvits syndrome is a rare esophageal disorder. AEN defines itself with dark pigmentation of the esophagus, found during an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.[2] Pigmentation is usually black friable mucosa.[3] The disorder is extremely rare, as only 89 patients over a span of 40 years have received this diagnosis.[2] Specific study of the disorder's mortality rate is mentioned at 31.8%,[2] but new research suggests mortality rates vary from 30–50%.[4][5] The exact triggering mechanism for this disorder is still unknown, but is likely multifactorial.[2]
^Julián Gómez L, Barrio J, Atienza R, et al. (November 2008). "[Acute esophageal necrosis. An underdiagnosed disease]". Rev Esp Enferm Dig (in Spanish). 100 (11): 701–5. doi:10.4321/s1130-01082008001100006. PMID 19159174.
^ abcdeGurvits GE, Shapsis A, Lau N, Gualtieri N, Robilotti JG (January 2007). "Acute esophageal necrosis: a rare syndrome". J. Gastroenterol. 42 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1007/s00535-006-1974-z. PMID 17322991. S2CID 32862916.
^Akaishi, Ryujiro; Taniyama, Yusuke; Sakurai, Tadashi; Okamoto, Hiroshi; Sato, Chiaki; Unno, Michiaki; Kamei, Takashi (2019-05-08). "Acute esophageal necrosis with esophagus perforation treated by thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy and reconstructive surgery on a secondary esophageal stricture: a case report". Surgical Case Reports. 5 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1186/s40792-019-0636-3. ISSN 2198-7793. PMC 6506511.
^Cite error: The named reference pmid15285044 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Watermeyer G, Shaw J, Krige J (2007). "Gastroentestinal: Acute necrotizing esophagitis". Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 22 (7): 1162. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05013.x. PMID 17608863. S2CID 71186463.
and 29 Related for: Acute esophageal necrosis information
Acuteesophagealnecrosis (AEN), black esophagus, or Gurvits syndrome is a rare esophageal disorder. AEN defines itself with dark pigmentation of the esophagus...
Jarnagin, William R.; Blumgart, Leslie H. (eds.), "Chapter 75B - Esophageal varices: Acute management of portal hypertension", Blumgart's Surgery of the...
gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels, leading to polyp formation, necrosis, inflammation and ulcers. It is most commonly seen in patients with a history...
either due to original insult such as paracetamol resulting in acute tubular necrosis or from hyperdynamic circulation leading to hepatorenal syndrome...
pancreatitis can cause organ failure, necrosis, infected necrosis, pseudocyst, and abscess. If diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis, people will need to...
Esophageal rupture is a rupture of the esophageal wall. Iatrogenic causes account for approximately 56% of esophageal perforations, usually due to medical...
or the entire abdomen may be tender. Complications may include shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Causes include perforation of the intestinal...
colonoscopy should be performed 4–6 weeks after an acute episode. Contrast CT is the investigation of choice in acute episodes of diverticulitis and where complications...
esophageal stricture, or peptic stricture, is a narrowing or tightening of the esophagus that causes swallowing difficulties. Symptoms of esophageal strictures...
to have more episodes of esophageal food impaction as well as other esophageal abnormalities such as Schatzki ring, esophageal webs, and in some cases...
esophagus) or muscular tissue. A Schatzki ring is a specific type of "esophageal ring", and Schatzki rings are further subdivided into those above the...
avoidance of nuts and seeds prevents the progression of diverticulosis to an acute case of diverticulitis. In fact, it appears that a higher intake of nuts...
simpler measures may involve gastroscopy, upper GI series, esophageal pH monitoring, or esophageal manometry. Treatment options include lifestyle changes...
sensation in the chest as a result of inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter at the site where the esophagus connects to the stomach. It...
undergo surgical removal of their appendix. The presentation of acute appendicitis includes acute abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. As the appendix...
analyse the esophageal internal surface for erosions, ulcers, and tumours. Meanwhile, manometry can determine the integrity of esophageal movements, and...
and diarrhea. Hepatitis is acute if it resolves within six months, and chronic if it lasts longer than six months. Acute hepatitis can resolve on its...
Mackway-Jones K (June 2007). "Does yogurt decrease acute diarrhoeal symptoms in children with acute gastroenteritis?". BestBets. Archived from the original...
physiology. Two forms are recognised, acute and chronic (cirrhosis). Recently, a third form of liver failure known as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF)...
is a condition that results from acute gastric necrosis. The tarry black colour is produced by the coagulative necrosis of mucosa resulting in intramucosal...
alcohol. However, it has also been associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer in those who do drink. The reaction is also termed "Asian flush"...
foods which may irritate the stomach. Acute erosive gastritis typically involves discrete foci of surface necrosis due to damage to mucosal defenses. NSAIDs...
streaks of cholesterol deposition. Histopathology of acute gangrenous cholecystitis, showing necrosis, neutrophils and partially sloughed off mucosa. Many...
such as thrombocytopenia and hemophilia, gastritis, stomach cancer, esophageal varices, Meckel's diverticulum and Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Causes of "false"...
and seventh decades of life. The diagnosis is made by an esophageal motility study (esophageal manometry), which evaluates the pressure of the esophagus...
15 November 2019. Tribble DR (September 2017). "Antibiotic Therapy for Acute Watery Diarrhea and Dysentery". Military Medicine. 182 (S2): 17–25. doi:10...
Global Information