"Dyspepsia" redirects here. For the Negativland album, see Dispepsi.
Medical condition
Indigestion
Other names
Dyspepsia
Specialty
Gastroenterology
Symptoms
Upper abdominal pain[1]
Frequency
Common[1]
Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia or upset stomach, is a condition of impaired digestion.[2] Symptoms may include upper abdominal fullness, heartburn, nausea, belching, or upper abdominal pain.[3] People may also experience feeling full earlier than expected when eating.[4] Indigestion is relatively common, affecting 20% of people at some point during their life, and is frequently caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or gastritis.[1][5]
Indigestion is subcategorized as either "organic" or "functional dyspepsia", but making the diagnosis can prove challenging for physicians.[6]Organic indigestion is the result of an underlying disease, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (an ulcer of the stomach or duodenum), or cancer.[6] Functional indigestion (previously called non-ulcer dyspepsia)[7] is indigestion without evidence of underlying disease.[8] Functional indigestion is estimated to affect about 15% of the general population in western countries and accounts for a majority of dyspepsia cases.[7][9]
In patients who are 60 or older, or who have worrisome symptoms such as trouble swallowing, weight loss, or blood loss, an endoscopy (a procedure whereby a camera attached to a flexible tube is inserted down the throat and into the stomach) is recommended to further assess and find a potential cause.[1] In patients younger than 60 years of age, testing for the bacteria H. pylori and if positive, treatment of the infection is recommended.[1] More details about how indigestion is diagnosed and treated can be found below.
^ abcdeEusebi, Leonardo H; Black, Christopher J; Howden, Colin W; Ford, Alexander C (11 December 2019). "Effectiveness of management strategies for uninvestigated dyspepsia: systematic review and network meta-analysis". BMJ. 367: l6483. doi:10.1136/bmj.l6483. PMC 7190054. PMID 31826881.
^"dyspepsia" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^Duvnjak, Marko (2011). Dyspepsia in clinical practice (1. Aufl. ed.). New York: Springer. p. 2. ISBN 9781441917300.
^Talley NJ, Vakil N (October 2005). "Guidelines for the management of dyspepsia". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 100 (10): 2324–37. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00225.x. PMID 16181387. S2CID 16499689.
^Zajac, P; Holbrook, A; Super, ME; Vogt, M (March–April 2013). "An overview: Current clinical guidelines for the evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and management of dyspepsia". Osteopathic Family Physician. 5 (2): 79–85. doi:10.1016/j.osfp.2012.10.005.
^ abGreenberger, Norton; Blumberg, R.S.; Burakoff, Robert (2016). Current diagnosis & treatment. Gastroenterology, hepatology, and endoscopy (3 ed.). New York. ISBN 978-1-259-25097-2. OCLC 925478002.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ abSaad RJ, Chey WD (August 2006). "Review article: current and emerging therapies for functional dyspepsia" (PDF). Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 24 (3): 475–92. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03005.x. hdl:2027.42/74835. PMID 16886913.
^van Kerkhoven LA, van Rossum LG, van Oijen MG, Tan AC, Laheij RJ, Jansen JB (September 2006). "Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy does not reassure people with functional dyspepsia" (PDF). Endoscopy. 38 (9): 879–85. doi:10.1055/s-2006-944661. PMID 16981103. S2CID 260135014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-27.
^Ford, Alexander C.; Mahadeva, Sanjiv; Carbone, M. Florencia; Lacy, Brian E.; Talley, Nicholas J. (2020-11-21). "Functional dyspepsia". The Lancet. 396 (10263): 1689–1702. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30469-4. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 33049222. S2CID 222254300.
Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia or upset stomach, is a condition of impaired digestion. Symptoms may include upper abdominal fullness, heartburn...
which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach. Some antacids have been used in the treatment of...
Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, cardialgia or acid indigestion, is a burning sensation in the central chest or upper central abdomen. Heartburn is usually...
of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, such as nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, and diarrhea. Bismuth subsalicylate has the empirical...
pills about 4 mm in diameter. It is used as a remedy for the relief of indigestion, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, and bloating. It can also be used as...
stores and mass merchandisers. It provides relief from heartburn and indigestion ("sour stomach"). In 1928, James Harvey "Jim" Howe (born 1873 College...
medical conditions including fevers, chronic low back pain, poor appetite, indigestion, high blood pressure, acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, anemia, stroke...
affair. One day, the two meet when she has to treat Sumon's friend for indigestion, and form an acquaintance over an interest in food. Sumon cooks meat...
Pepsi-Cola in 1898, "Pepsi" because it was advertised to relieve dyspepsia (indigestion) and "Cola" referring to the cola flavor. Some have also suggested that...
eating cigar butts) or diarrhea. The symptoms of hydrocarbon mixture indigestion can be abdominal pain, aspiration pneumonia, oral ulcers, vomiting, or...
bicarbonate mixed with water can be used as an antacid to treat acid indigestion and heartburn. Its reaction with stomach acid produces salt, water, and...
created to shake out the bubbles from champagne, whose carbonation caused indigestion for some drinkers. Swizzle sticks became particularly ornate with the...
the meal was simply too rich for his stomach. After Carl gets severe indigestion again due to the home cooking prepared by Annette, Ralph has Carl's blood...
support supplement Airborne, the Australian insecticide brand Mortein, the indigestion remedy Gaviscon, the baby food brand Mead Johnson, the air freshener...
non-ginger-flavoured carbonated beverages, may be used as a home remedy for indigestion or motion sickness. Ginger ale is usually acceptable for people on a...
heartburn and indigestion, as an antacid, magnesium supplement, and as a short-term laxative. It is also used to improve symptoms of indigestion. Side effects...
1410, King Martin of Aragon is said to have died from a combination of indigestion and uncontrollable laughter.[better source needed] In 1556, Pietro Aretino...
with more than 11 million prescriptions. Relief of heartburn, acid indigestion, and sour stomach Treatment for gastric and duodenal ulcers Treatment...
"female weakness". The Ojibwe eat the corms of Sagittaria cuneata for indigestion, and also as a food, eaten boiled fresh, dried or candied with maple...
such as unexplained weight loss, persistent abdominal or back pain, indigestion, vomiting, or fatty feces. Jaundice accompanied by a painlessly swollen...
products are sold as antacids to neutralize stomach acid and relieve indigestion and heartburn. It also is a laxative to alleviate constipation. As a...
of corn (maize). Originally invented as a breakfast food to counter indigestion, it has become a popular food item in the American diet. The cereal,...
kidneys and for "chest ailment". They also take a compound infusion for indigestion. The Iroquois use a compound for labor pains in parturition, use a compound...
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