The AB5 toxins are six-component protein complexes secreted by certain pathogenic bacteria known to cause human diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and hemolytic–uremic syndrome. One component is known as the A subunit, and the remaining five components are B subunits. All of these toxins share a similar structure and mechanism for entering targeted host cells. The B subunit is responsible for binding to receptors to open up a pathway for the A subunit to enter the cell. The A subunit is then able to use its catalytic machinery to take over the host cell's regular functions.[1][2]
^Le Nours, J.; Paton, A. W.; Byres, E.; Troy, S.; Herdman, B. P.; Johnson, M. D.; Paton, J. C.; Rossjohn, J.; Beddoe, T. (6 August 2013). "Structural Basis of Subtilase Cytotoxin SubAB Assembly". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 288 (38): 27505–27516. doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.462622. PMC 3779744. PMID 23921389.
The AB5toxins are six-component protein complexes secreted by certain pathogenic bacteria known to cause human diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and...
during therapy. The toxin has two subunits—designated A (mol. wt. 32000 Da) and B (mol. wt. 7700 Da)—and is one of the AB5toxins. The B subunit is a...
AB5 may refer to: AB5toxin Abelian category Analogue Bubblebath 5, an unreleased album by Electronica artist Richard David James AB5-type rare earth...
Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is an AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio...
A toxin is a naturally occurring organic[dubious – discuss] poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially...
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a protein-based AB5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. PT is involved...
Tetanus toxin (TeNT) is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of Clostridium tetani in anaerobic conditions, causing tetanus...
paralysis. The toxin causes the disease botulism. The toxin is also used commercially for medical and cosmetic purposes. Botulinum toxin is an acetylcholine...
another example of an AB toxin that targets the eukaryotic elongation factor 2. The AB5toxins are usually considered a type of AB toxin, characterized by B...
Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted mainly by Corynebacterium diphtheriae but also by Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis...
disruption of tissue that occurs during gas gangrene. The toxin involved in gas gangrene is α-toxin, which inserts into the plasma membrane of cells, producing...
susceptible to the toxin (neurotoxins affect the nervous system, cardiotoxins affect the heart, etc.) By structure (for example, AB5toxin) By domain architecture...
Anthrax toxin is a three-protein exotoxin secreted by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis—the causative agent of anthrax. The toxin was...
Alpha-toxin, also known as alpha-hemolysin (Hla), is the major cytotoxic agent released by bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the first identified member...
spore-forming, motile bacterium with the ability to produce botulinum toxin, which is a neurotoxin. C. botulinum is a diverse group of pathogenic bacteria...
surface of muscle cells and cause depolarisation → the toxin prevents muscle contraction. These toxins may cause the heart to beat irregularly or stop beating...
Amanitin is very closely related to phalloidins, which are bicyclic 7-residue toxins. They both are part of the MSDIN protein family, so named after the highly...
Craig B.; He, Xiaohua; et al. (2017), "Structure of Shiga Toxins and Other AB5Toxins", Shiga toxins: A Review of Structure, Mechanism, and Detection, Springer...
pore-forming toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis species of bacteria. They are useful for their insecticidal action and are the primary toxin produced...
smelled or tasted and cannot be destroyed by cooking. Rapid testing for this toxin in food is not standard. Some ciguatoxins lower the threshold for opening...
RY-sin) is a lectin (a carbohydrate-binding protein) and a highly potent toxin produced in the seeds of the castor oil plant, Ricinus communis. The median...
Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) and is responsible for gas gangrene and...
Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity). Neurotoxins are an extensive class of exogenous chemical neurological...
toxigenic Escherichia coli undermines host cell survival by producing AB5toxin to inhibit host BiP. In contrast, viruses rely on host BiP to successfully...
improve the environment for further fungal proliferation. The production of toxins depends on the surrounding intrinsic and extrinsic environments and these...
Staphylococcus aureus beta toxin is a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. It is a form of sphingomyelinase called sphingomyelinase C. This enzyme...
Clostridioides difficile toxin A (TcdA) is a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile, formerly known as Clostridium difficile. It is similar...
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