Xylazine is a structural analog of clonidine and an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist,[1] sold under many trade names worldwide, most notably the Bayer brand name Rompun,[2] as well as Anased, Sedazine and Chanazine.[3]
Xylazine is a common veterinary drug used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals such as horses, cattle, and other mammals.[2] In veterinary anesthesia, it is often used in combination with ketamine. Veterinarians also use xylazine as an emetic, especially in cats.[4] Drug interactions vary with different animals.[5][6][7]
Xylazine has become a commonly abused street drug in the United States where it is known by the street name "tranq", particularly in Puerto Rico.[8] The drug is being diverted from stocks for equine veterinarians and used as a cutting agent for heroin and fentanyl, causing skin sores and infections at injection sites, as well as other health issues.[9] Fentanyl mixed with xylazine is known by the street names "sleep-cut", "zombie drug", "Iso" and "tranq dope".[10][11][12][13]
^Cite error: The named reference Greene was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ab"Xylazine". techynewsblogs.com. 23 March 2023.
^Cite error: The named reference Ruiz! was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Dowling PM (June 2016) [March 2015]. "Drugs to control or stimulate vomiting (monogastric)". Merck Veterinary Manual (professional ed.). Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co.
^Haskins SC, Patz JD, Farver TB (March 1986). "Xylazine and xylazine-ketamine in dogs". American Journal of Veterinary Research. 47 (3): 636–641. PMID 3963565.
^Muir WW, Skarda RT, Milne DW (February 1977). "Evaluation of xylazine and ketamine hydrochloride for anesthesia in horses". American Journal of Veterinary Research. 38 (2): 195–201. PMID 842917.
^Aithal HP, Pratap AK, Singh GR (1997). "Clinical effects of epidurally administered ketamine and xylazine in goats". Small Ruminant Research. 24 (1): 55–64. doi:10.1016/s0921-4488(96)00919-4.
^Cite error: The named reference Torruella was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Reyes was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"FDA warns about the risk of xylazine exposure in humans, November 8, 2022". fda.gov. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2023-04-12. Reports from social media and news outlets suggest that xylazine-containing products may be sold under the street names tranq, tranq dope, sleep-cut, Philly dope and zombie drug.
^"FDA alerts health care professionals of risks to patients exposed to xylazine in illicit drugs". www.fda.gov. 2023-03-21. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
^"DEA Reports Widespread Threat of Fentanyl Mixed with Xylazine". DEA. 2023-03-21. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2023-04-12. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^Montero F, et al. "Potency-Enhancing Synthetics in the Drug Overdose Epidemic: Xylazine ('Tranq'), Fentanyl, Methamphetamine, and the Displacement of Heroin in Philadelphia and Tijuana". Journal of Illicit Economies and Development 2022; 4(2): 204-222. doi:10.31389/jied.122
Xylazine is a structural analog of clonidine and an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, sold under many trade names worldwide, most notably the Bayer...
the United States Justice Department for crimes relating to fentanyl, xylazine and methamphetamine production, distribution of synthetic opioids, and...
known by its street name flakka and colloquially called the zombie drug Xylazine, a horse sedative used recreationally by itself or in combination with...
xylazine or isoflurane. The pharmacokinetics of the two most common anesthetic agents, xylazine and ketamine, used during the operation are: Xylazine...
rodents in research. The injectable, clear liquid is a mixture of ketamine, xylazine, and acepromazine. The ratio used depends on the species of rodent. This...
anesthetic for use in cats and dogs. It is sometimes used in combination with xylazine (Rompun) to chemically immobilize large mammals such as polar bears and...
antidiabetic medication xylazine – α2-adrenergic agonist, used to temporarily sedate animals yohimbine – used to reverse effects of xylazine, also called an "antidote"...
metoclopramide for centrally mediated vomiting induced by apomorphine or xylazine. It works better than chlorpromazine and metoclopramide for vomiting peripherally...
diazepam, xylazine, and medetomidine. α2 agonists like xylazine and medetomidine are especially useful because they can be reversed, xylazine by yohimbine...
untreated). It is however most commonly used in veterinary medicine, to reverse xylazine-induced sedation. Aronson, J. K. (2016). Meyler's side effects of drugs :...
Kanngiesser M (Aug 1991). "Effect of ketamine and its combinations with xylazine and climazolam on the circulation and respiration in swine". Zentralbl...
acepromazine in dogs, cats and exotic animals. It is frequently combined with xylazine or detomidine in horses. Butorphanol is used for sedation and mild to moderate...
worked at the law office, injected Larry with the horse tranquilizer drug xylazine at a Los Angeles hotel. McNabney, 52, was last seen alive being pushed...
desomorphine use in North America is still considered unconfirmed. Conolidine Xylazine, a drug with similar side effects, widespread in the United States Also...
determined it was effective, even though the usual choice of emetic is xylazine.[citation needed] "Pilocarpine". The American Society of Health-System...
drug such as acepromazine or methotrimeprazine. Valium (diazepam) (Roche) Xylazine (Rompun, Bayer) Sodium Thiopental (Abbott) If an animal is out of control...
also as a sedative premedication for patients about to undergo surgery. Xylazine, another drug in this group, is also a powerful sedative and is often used...
"Efficacy of Different Antiemetics with Different Mechanism of Action on Xylazine Induced Emesis in Cats" (PDF). Iranian Journal of Veterinary Surgery. 9...
Domitor. Other alpha-two agonists used in veterinary medicine include xylazine and detomidine, but their use is less common in small animal surgery. The...
duration of the musth, typically to five to eight days; sedatives, like xylazine, are also used. References to elephants in musth (whose temporin secretion...
as the NMDA antagonist tiletamine or the α2 adrenergic receptor agonist xylazine, depending on what purpose it is being used for. It is around four times...
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