In phonology, changes in the acoustic quality of sounds which are perceived as "weakening".
This article is about phonetic reduction, which means a change in pronunciation. For the meaning in phonology, see Phonemic merger.
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
In phonetics, vowel reduction is any of various changes in the acoustic quality of vowels as a result of changes in stress, sonority, duration, loudness, articulation, or position in the word (e.g. for the Creek language[1]), and which are perceived as "weakening". It most often makes the vowels shorter as well.
Vowels which have undergone vowel reduction may be called reduced or weak. In contrast, an unreduced vowel may be described as full or strong.
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Acoustic vowel reduction in Creek: Effects of distinctive length and position in the word (pdf)
transcription delimiters. In phonetics, vowelreduction is any of various changes in the acoustic quality of vowels as a result of changes in stress, sonority...
associated in English with vowelreduction – many such syllables are pronounced with a centralized vowel (schwa) or with certain other vowels that are described...
vowelreduction (and its absence) are distinguished between the standard language and dialects. Russian orthography most often does not reflect vowel...
term reduction refers to phonemic merger. It is not to be confused with the meaning of the word "reduction" in phonetics, such as vowelreduction, but...
towards that of a native speaker Vowelreduction, any change in vowel quality perceived as "weakening" Vowelreduction in English Relaxed pronunciation...
soft ones (/tɕ ɕː/ and marginally or dialectically /ʑː/). Russian has vowelreduction in unstressed syllables. This feature also occurs in a minority of...
identical) phonological system. Among other things, most dialects have vowelreduction in unstressed syllables and a complex set of phonological features...
features both vowel harmony and vowelreduction. Uyghur vowels are by default short, but long vowels also exist because of historical vowel assimilation...
tenseness in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Checked and free vowelsVowelreduction Fortis and lenis Trisyllabic laxing Matthews, Peter Hugoe (2014)...
pronounced according to the rules of Russian phonology, including those of vowelreduction and stress. The voiceless labiodental fricative /f/ occurs only in...
hliehhan "to laugh" < Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną) There was steady vowelreduction in unstressed syllables, in a number of stages: In West Germanic times...
it has become clear that the reduced vowels are in fact short vowels, counterparts to their respective long vowels. Today ⟨â⟩ should simply be replaced...
second one. Stress was interconnected with vowelreduction. All vowels except /ə/ and /ɐ/ were full vowels and could only occur in stressed syllables...
(sapožók) "boot") and hence the spelling is purely etymological. See Vowelreduction in Russian for more details. There are exceptions to the rule given...
central Mexico and of the Andean highlands, to reduction (especially devoicing), or loss, of unstressed vowels, mainly when they are in contact with voiceless...
transcription delimiters. A vowel is a syllabic speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal...
200–245. ISBN 0803242352. Johnson, Keith; Martin, Jack (2001). "Acoustic VowelReduction in Creek: Effects of Distinctive Length and Position in the Word" (PDF)...
when unstressed. This is a general characteristic of vowelreduction. Mid-centralization of vowels can be a speech impediment. An example from Polish is...
an elision or deletion is the omission of one or more sounds (such as a vowel, a consonant, or a whole syllable) in a word or phrase. However, these terms...
acoustically weakening the unstressed vowels. In Soikkola, vowelreduction is restricted to the vowels a and ä; These vowels are sometimes reduced to [ə], but...
Mingrelian has five primary vowels a, e, i, o, u. The Zugdidi-Samurzaqano dialect has a sixth, ə, which is the result of reduction of i and u. The consonant...
in the different degrees of vowelreduction, and the incidence of the pair /ɛ e/. In Central Catalan, unstressed vowels reduce to three: /a e ɛ/ > [ə];...
are shortened. Vowels in unstressed syllables are shortened as well, and vowel shortening causes changes in vowel quality: vowelreduction. Varieties of...
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