Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne viral pathogen that causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis or encephalomyelitis (VEE). VEE can affect all equine species, such as horses, donkeys, and zebras. After infection, equines may suddenly die or show progressive central nervous system disorders. Humans also can contract this disease. Healthy adults who become infected by the virus may experience flu-like symptoms, such as high fevers and headaches. People with weakened immune systems and the young and the elderly can become severely ill or die from this disease.
The virus that causes VEE is transmitted primarily by mosquitoes that bite an infected animal and then bite and feed on another animal or human. The speed with which the disease spreads depends on the subtype of the VEE virus and the density of mosquito populations. Enzootic subtypes of VEE are diseases endemic to certain areas. Generally these serotypes do not spread to other localities. Enzootic subtypes are associated with the rodent-mosquito transmission cycle. These forms of the virus can cause human illness but generally do not affect equine health.
Epizootic subtypes, on the other hand, can spread rapidly through large populations. These forms of the virus are highly pathogenic to equines and can also affect human health. Equines, rather than rodents, are the primary animal species that carry and spread the disease. Infected equines develop an enormous quantity of virus in their circulatory system. When a blood-feeding insect feeds on such animals, it picks up this virus and transmits it to other animals or humans. Although other animals, such as cattle, swine, and dogs, can become infected, they generally do not show signs of the disease or contribute to its spread.
The virion is spherical and approximately 70 nm in diameter. It has a lipid membrane with glycoprotein surface proteins spread around the outside. Surrounding the nuclear material is a nucleocapsid that has an icosahedral symmetry of T = 4, and is approximately 40 nm in diameter.
and 26 Related for: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus information
alphaviruses, an ancestral Sindbis virus-like virus, and an ancestral Eastern equineencephalitisvirus-like virus. There have been under 700 confirmed...
(eastern equine encephalitis and Venezuelanequineencephalitisviruses) and the Sindbis virus subgroup. Sindbis virus, geographically restricted to the...
viral encephalitis can infect equines, and these include: Eastern equineencephalitisvirus Japanese encephalitisvirusVenezuelanequineencephalitis virus...
Tahyna virus Tick-borne encephalitisvirus Varicella-zoster virus, which causes both chickenpox and shingles Venezuelanequineencephalitisvirus West Nile...
fever virus Family Togaviridae (Baltimore class IV) Genus Alphavirus Chikungunya virus' Eastern equineencephalitisvirus Ross River virusVenezuelan equine...
combination DNA vaccines for B. Anthracis, Ebola virus, Marburg virus and Venezuelanequineencephalitisvirus". Vaccine. 21 (25–26): 4071–4080. doi:10...
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitisvirus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms...
Byers, who died from encephalitis in 1958. The ICTV species name for the Powassan Virus is Orthoflavivirus powassanense. The virus exists in North America...
Everglades virus (EVEV) is an alphavirus included in the Venezuelanequineencephalitisvirus complex. The virus circulates among rodents and vector mosquitoes...
the virus remains within a "bird–mosquito–bird" transmission cycle. The virus is genetically related to the Japanese encephalitis family of viruses. Humans...
renamed to Rio Negro virus in 2005. It is a former member of the Venezuelanequineencephalitis complex (VEEC), which are a group of alphaviruses in the Americas...
Incapacitating Agents (e.g., Brucella suis, Coxiella burnetii, Venezuelanequineencephalitisvirus, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B). The use of chemicals to induce...
Neurotropic viruses that cause infection include Japanese Encephalitis, VenezuelanEquineEncephalitis, and California encephalitisviruses; polio, coxsackie...
macaque). When humans are zoonotically infected with B virus, they can present with a severe encephalitis, resulting in permanent neurological dysfunction or...
Murray Valley encephalitisvirus (MVEV) is a zoonotic flavivirus endemic to northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. It is the causal agent of Murray Valley...
Altered consciousness Acute encephalitis Atypical pneumonia Severe respiratory distress Seizures The first cases of Nipah virus infection were identified...
Nile virusencephalitis (WNE) is the most common neuroinvasive manifestation of WNND. WNE presents with similar symptoms to other viral encephalitis with...
Global Information
