Not to be confused with alphaherpesvirus or SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant.
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Alphavirus
Structure and genome of an alphavirus
A computer-generated model of the surface of an Alphavirus derived by cryoelectron microscopy. The spike-like structures on the virion surface are trimers composed of heterodimers of the virion surface Glycoproteins E1 and E2. These spikes are used by the virus to attach to susceptible animal cells
Virus classification
(unranked):
Virus
Realm:
Riboviria
Kingdom:
Orthornavirae
Phylum:
Kitrinoviricota
Class:
Alsuviricetes
Order:
Martellivirales
Family:
Togaviridae
Genus:
Alphavirus
Species
Aura virus
Barmah Forest virus
Bebaru virus
Caaingua virus
Cabassou virus
Chikungunya virus
Eastern equine encephalitis virus
Eilat virus
Everglades virus
Fort Morgan virus
Getah virus
Highlands J virus
Madariaga virus
Mayaro virus
Middelburg virus
Mosso das Pedras virus
Mucambo virus
Ndumu virus
O'nyong'nyong virus
Pixuna virus
Rio Negro virus
Ross River virus
Salmon pancreas disease virus
Semliki Forest virus
Sindbis virus
Southern elephant seal virus
Tonate virus
Trocara virus
Una virus
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Western equine encephalitis virus
Whataroa virus
Alphavirus is a genus of RNA viruses, the sole genus in the Togaviridae family. Alphaviruses belong to group IV of the Baltimore classification of viruses, with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. There are 32 alphaviruses, which infect various vertebrates such as humans, rodents, fish, birds, and larger mammals such as horses, as well as invertebrates. Alphaviruses that could infect both vertebrates and arthropods are referred dual-host alphaviruses, while insect-specific alphaviruses such as Eilat virus and Yada yada virus are restricted to their competent arthropod vector.[1] Transmission between species and individuals occurs mainly via mosquitoes, making the alphaviruses a member of the collection of arboviruses – or arthropod-borne viruses. Alphavirus particles are enveloped, have a 70 nm diameter, tend to be spherical (although slightly pleomorphic), and have a 40 nm isometric nucleocapsid.[2]
^Elrefaey AM, Abdelnabi R, Rosales Rosas AL, Wang L, Basu S, Delang L (31 August 2020). "Understanding the Mechanisms Underlying Host Restriction of Insect-Specific Viruses". Viruses. 12 (9): 964. doi:10.3390/v12090964. PMC 7552076. PMID 32878245.
^Chen R, Mukhopadhyay S, Merits A, Bolling B, Nasar F, Coffey LL, et al. (June 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Togaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (6): 761–2. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001072. PMID 29745869.
Alphavirus is a genus of RNA viruses, the sole genus in the Togaviridae family. Alphaviruses belong to group IV of the Baltimore classification of viruses...
formal names "Everglades virus" and "Ross River virus" are assigned is Alphavirus. As with scientific names at other ranks, in all groups other than viruses...
alphavirus replicons. Unlike conventional DNA vaccinations alphavirus vectors kill transfected cells and are only transiently expressed. Alphavirus replicase...
Alphavirus infection may be caused by a Sindbis virus infection, and result in a cutaneous eruption of multiple, erythematous, 4- to 4-mm papules.: 403 ...
Ross River virus (RRV) is a small encapsulated single-strand RNA Alphavirus endemic to Australia, Papua New Guinea and other islands in the South Pacific...
present this type of rash), erythrovirus (parvovirus B19), chikungunya (alphavirus), zika, smallpox (which has been eradicated), varicella (when vaccinated...
Everglades virus (EVEV) is an alphavirus included in the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex. The virus circulates among rodents and vector mosquitoes...
virus belonging to the genus Bromovirus, family Bromoviridae, in the Alphavirus-like superfamily. BMV was first isolated in 1942 from bromegrass (Bromus...
pyrrhonota) and vector of Buggy Creek Virus (family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus). "Oeciacus vicarius Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System...
relatively uncommon viral disease Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE). An alphavirus of the family Togaviridae, the WEE virus is an arbovirus (arthropod-borne...
the genus Rubivirus. Neither of them are known to infect people. While alphavirus virions are spherical and contain an icosahedral nucleocapsid, RuV virions...
Sindbis virus (SINV) is a member of the Togaviridae family, in the Alphavirus genus. The virus was first isolated in 1952 in Cairo, Egypt. The virus is...
Barmah Forest virus is an RNA virus in the genus Alphavirus. This disease was named after the Barmah Forest in the northern Victoria region of Australia...
Getah virus is a mosquito-borne arbovirus in the Alphavirus genus. The virus was first isolated in Malaysia in 1955 from the Culex gelidus mosquito. It...
causative virus, abbreviated MAYV, is in the family Togaviridae, and genus Alphavirus. It is closely related to other alphaviruses that produce a dengue-like...
Salmon Pancreas disease (PD or SPD) is caused by a species of Salmonid Alphavirus (SAV) called Salmon pancreas disease virus (SPDV). The virus was first...
complex within the genus Alphavirus. Reverse genetic studies of EILV may help in the discovery of determinants of alphavirus host range which balances...
Since presence of the Alphavirus does not have an effect on the number of clathrin-coated vesicles, it is assumed that the alphavirus takes advantage of...
of four groups: A, B, C, and D. Group A denoted members of the genus Alphavirus, Group B were members of the genus Flavivirus, and Group C remains as...
testing blood for evidence of an acute immunologic response. Aciclovir Yes Alphavirus Chikungunya sudden onset, combining high fever, joint pain, and rash Laboratory...
"Effect of a novel DNA vaccine against pancreas disease caused by salmonid alphavirus subtype 3 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)". Fish & Shellfish Immunology...
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