Mardin Province of southeastern Turkey; Al-Hasakah Governorate in northeastern Syria
Ethnicity
Syriac/Assyrian
Native speakers
(undated figure of 250,000)[1]
Language family
Afro-Asiatic
Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Aramaic
Eastern Aramaic
Central Neo-Aramaic
Turoyo
Writing system
Syriac alphabet (West Syriac Serṭo) Latin alphabet (Turoyo alphabet)
Official status
Recognised minority language in
Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria[a][2]
Turkey[3][4]
Language codes
ISO 639-3
tru
Glottolog
turo1239
ELP
Turoyo
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Turoyo (Turoyo: ܛܘܪܝܐ), also referred to as Surayt (Turoyo: ܣܘܪܝܬ), or modern Suryoyo (Turoyo: ܣܘܪܝܝܐ), is a Central Neo-Aramaic language traditionally spoken in the Tur Abdin region in southeastern Turkey and in northern Syria. Turoyo speakers are mostly adherents of the Syriac Orthodox Church, but there are also some Turoyo-speaking adherents of the Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church, especially from the towns of Midyat and Qamishli. The language is also spoken throughout diaspora, among modern Assyrians/Syriacs.[5] It is classified as a vulnerable language.[6][7] Most speakers use the Classical Syriac language for literature and worship.[8] Turoyo is not mutually intelligible with Western Neo-Aramaic, having been separated for over a thousand years;[9] its closest relatives are Mlaḥsô and western varieties of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic like Suret.[10]
^"Did you know". Surayt-Aramaic Online Project. Free University of Berlin.
^Elissa, Jalinos (23 September 2021). "Breakthrough in Syriac school crisis in Zalin (Qamishli) in North and East Syria, Olaf Taw Association explains to SuroyoTV". SuroyoTV (Interview). Interviewed by Jacob Mirza. Zalin, Syria: SyriacPress. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
^Akbulut, Olgun (2023-10-19). "For Centenary of the Lausanne Treaty: Re-Interpretation and Re-Implementation of Linguistic Minority Rights of Lausanne". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. -1 (aop): 1–24. doi:10.1163/15718115-bja10134. ISSN 1385-4879.
^Erdem, Fazıl Hüsnü; Öngüç, Bahar (2021-06-30). "SÜRYANİCE ANADİLİNDE EĞİTİM HAKKI: SORUNLAR VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ". Dicle Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi (in Turkish). 26 (44): 3–35. ISSN 1300-2929.
^Weaver & Kiraz 2016, p. 19-36.
^"Turoyo". Endangered Languages. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. 2022. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
^Saouk 2015, p. 361-377.
^Brock 1989b, p. 363–375.
^Owens 2007, p. 268.
^Kim, Ronald (2008). ""Stammbaum" or Continuum? The Subgrouping of Modern Aramaic Dialects Reconsidered". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 128 (3): 505–531. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 25608409.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
Turoyo (Turoyo: ܛܘܪܝܐ), also referred to as Surayt (Turoyo: ܣܘܪܝܬ), or modern Suryoyo (Turoyo: ܣܘܪܝܝܐ), is a Central Neo-Aramaic language traditionally...
Neo-Aramaic languages: Suret language, a modern West Semitic language that belongs to the Northeastern Neo-Aramaic branch Turoyolanguage, a modern West...
Suryoyo language may refer to: Turoyolanguage, a Central Neo-Aramaic language spoken by Assyrians in southern Turkey and northern Syria Mlahsô language, an...
approximately from 1 to 2 million, with the main Neo-Aramaic languages being Suret (~240,000 speakers) and Turoyo (~250,000 speakers). Western Neo-Aramaic (~3,000)...
000, with the main languages being Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (235,000 speakers), Chaldean Neo-Aramaic (216,000 speakers) and Surayt/Turoyo (250,000 speakers)...
Midyat (Syriac: ܡܕܝܕ, romanized: Mëḏyaḏ, Turoyo: Məḏyaḏ, Kurdish: Midyad, Arabic: مديات) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its...
era, Assyrians in Tur Abdin shifted from speaking their traditional Turoyolanguage to either Kurmanji or Arabic. Kurdophone Armenians also exist and there...
the war and all the survivors fled to other parts of Syria or to Lebanon. Turoyo speakers from Tur Abdin have settled in the province of Al-Hasakah. There...
pioneer of Assyrian music and composed the first Assyrian song in the Turoyolanguage in modern time, Othuroye Ho Mtoth Elfan l-Metba‘ (1926, ܐܬܘܪܝܶܐ ܗܐ...
intelligibility with Turoyo is partial and asymmetrical, but more significant in written form. Suret is a moderately-inflected, fusional language with a two-gender...
Cornwall, England truTV, an American multichannel television network Turoyolanguage True (disambiguation) Trus (disambiguation) All pages with titles containing...
between Mesopotamia, Greece, and Canaan. Turoyolanguage Garshuni Cypriot Maronite Arabic Language attrition Language revitalization Some of these names are...
pharyngeal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this...
Syrpal. The first revision of the New Testament from the Syriac into Turoyolanguage (Western Aramaic in Syriac and Latin script) was made by Malphono Yuhanun...
An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native...
language families in British Columbia Semitic languages (i.e. Arabic, Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, Tigre, Tigrinya, Turoyo, Hebrew, Ge’ez) In French, the only truly...
of Eastern Aramaic (including Suret (Assyrian and Chaldean varieties), Turoyo and Mandaic) survive to this day among the Assyrians/Syriacs and Mandaeans...
including: Turoyolanguage, a Neo-Aramaic language spoken in the Tur Abdin region, southeastern Turkey, and in northeastern Syria Mlahsô language, a critically...
the Mandaeans. Modern Western Syriac (Central Neo-Aramaic), including (Turoyo and Mlahsô). During the first three centuries of the Common Era, a local...
themselves Suryoye, and traditionally speak a central Neo-Aramaic dialect called Turoyo. The town of Midyat and the villages of Hah, Bequsyone, Dayro da-Slibo,...
Assyrian language (including Suret and Turoyo) Other and unspecified languagesLanguages of the United States Languages in censuses Ancestry (United States...
denominations. The Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic and Surayt/Turoyolanguages do not run parallel to the often associated religious denominations...
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