by UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger category
Extinct (EX)
Extinct (EX)
(lists)
Endangered
Critically Endangered (CR)
Severely Endangered (SE)
Definitely Endangered (DE)
Vulnerable (VU)
(list)
(list)
(list)
(list)
Safe
Safe (NE)
(lists)
Other categories
Revived (RE)
Constructed (CL)
(list)
(list)
Related topics
Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
Endangered Languages Project
Ethnologue
Unclassified language
List of languages by total number of speakers
UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger categories
v
t
e
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native speakers, it becomes a dead language. A language may be endangered in one area but show signs of revitalisation in another, as with the Irish language.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization defines five levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct":[1]
Vulnerable - "most children speak the language, but it may be restricted to certain domains (e.g., home)"
Definitely endangered - "children no longer learn the language as mother tongue in the home"
Severely endangered - "language is spoken by grandparents and older generations; while the parent generation may understand it, they do not speak it to children or among themselves"
Critically endangered - "the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, and they speak the language partially and infrequently"
Extinct - "there are no speakers left; included in the Atlas if presumably extinct since the 1950s"
The list below includes the findings from the third edition of Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010; formerly the Red Book of Endangered Languages), as well as the online edition of the aforementioned publication, both published by UNESCO.[2]
^
Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Atlas of the World’ s Languages in Danger. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-104096-2. Retrieved 2015-04-11.
^"UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org.
and 30 Related for: List of endangered languages in Asia information
home)" Definitely endangered - "children no longer learn the language as mother tongue in the home" Severely endangered - "language is spoken by grandparents...
endangered languagesin Africa ListofendangeredlanguagesinAsiaListofendangeredlanguagesin Bangladesh Listofendangeredlanguagesin China Listof endangered...
languages in Europe ListofendangeredlanguagesinAsia Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Atlas of the World's Languagesin Danger. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed...
This is a listof extinct languagesofAsia, languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers, and no spoken descendant. There are...
This is a listofendangeredlanguages with mobile apps available for use inlanguage revitalization. The Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages (LAAL) is...
Extinct languagesof the Marañón River basin Extinct languageLanguage policy Language death Lists ofendangeredlanguagesListof revived languages The Red...
(15 April 2011). "Endangeredlanguages: the full list". the Guardian. Retrieved 5 September 2022. "Atlas of the world's languagesin danger". UNESDOC Digital...
Turkic languages are a group oflanguages spoken across Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, East Asia and Siberia. Turkic languages are spoken...
over 70 languages spoken as first languages. The majority of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family...
on the listofendangeredlanguagesin Russia, and some may have gone extinct since data was last reported. On the other hand, some languages may survive...
Caucasian languages Languages of Azerbaijan Lists of endangeredlanguagesListofendangeredlanguagesinAsia "Tsakhur". Ethnologue. Archived from the original...
Northeast Caucasian language family. Khinalug is endangered, and classified as "severely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languagesin Danger. Khinalug...
between 395 and 402 ppm. Under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 in the United States, species may be listed as "endangered" or "threatened". The Salt Creek...
The Formosan languages are a geographic grouping comprising the languagesof the indigenous peoples of Taiwan, all of which are Austronesian. They do not...
some 130 to 195 languages spoken in the Philippines, depending on the method of classification. Almost all are Malayo-Polynesian languages native to the...
are steadily declining within Azerbaijan) above-mentioned languages are endangeredlanguages which are threatened with extinction, as they are spoken by...
The Modern South Arabian languages (MSALs), also known as Eastern South Semitic languages, are a group ofendangeredlanguages spoken by small populations...
English in grammar and spelling. Around 120 to 170 Indigenous languages and dialects are spoken today, but many of these are endangered. Creole languages such...
Many Tungusic languages are endangered. There are approximately 75,000 native speakers of the dozen living languagesof the Tungusic language family. The...
varieties belong to the same language or not. The following is a listof groupings of Romance languages, with some languages and dialects chosen to exemplify...
a listof official languages by country and territory. It includes all languages that have official language status either statewide or in a part of the...
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern...
creole languages, pidgin languages, and sign languages originating in what is now the United States. Interlingua, an international auxiliary language, was...
Columbia Lists ofendangeredlanguagesListofendangeredlanguages with mobile apps Lists of extinct languagesListoflanguage regulators Listof revived languages...
the Athabaskan languages, include the languagesof central and eastern Alaska and northwestern Canada, as well as the Apachean languagesof the Southwestern...
Global Information