Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) is a diagnostic approach that detects sperm abnormality with a large extent of DNA fragmentation.[1] First described by Evenson in 1980, the assay is a flow cytometric test that detects the vulnerability of sperm DNA to acid-induced denaturation DNA in situ.[2] SCSA measures sperm DNA fragmentation attributed to intrinsic and extrinsic factors and reports the degree of fragmentation in terms of DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI). The use of SCSA expands from evaluation of male infertility and subfertility, toxicology studies and evaluation of quality of laboratory semen samples. Notably, SCSA outcompetes other convention sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) assays such as TUNEL and COMET in terms of efficiency, objectivity, and repeatability.
Schematic representation of the SCSA. Use of flow cytometry in differentiating intact sperms from defected sperms. Laser beam strikes each sperm cell. Photomultiplier tube identifies and quantifies the results.
^"Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA) | Center for Women's Health | OHSU". www.ohsu.edu. Retrieved 2021-03-31.
^Evenson, Donald P. (2016). "The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA®) and other sperm DNA fragmentation tests for evaluation of sperm nuclear DNA integrity as related to fertility". Animal Reproduction Science. 169: 56–75. doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.01.017. PMID 26919909.
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